ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India.
ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Apr 27;53(2):289. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02736-w.
Genotypes at four casein (CSN) loci-A26181G of CSN1S1, C6227T of CSN1S2, A8101C of CSN2, and A13104C of CSN3-along with non-genetic factors were studied for their effects on various milk protein traits in 100 crossbred cows with major inheritance of Holstein Frisian (Bos taurus) and Tharparkar (Bos indicus). Results demonstrated the presence of all CSN genotypes with a predominance of heterozygotes. At CSN2 (A8101C; His67Pro) locus, the A2 allele, desirable for human health, was present in 62% as heterozygous and 29% in homozygous condition. Among non-genetic factors, parity of the cows had a significant influence on the milk protein traits in these crossbreds. The genotypes at CSN1S1, CSN2, and CSN3 loci were found to influence (p<0.05 to 0.01) the casein and whey protein yields and composition traits. The casein index and total milk yield were most influenced by the CSN1S2 locus. The AA (A1 milk) genotype of CSN2 had significantly higher yields and percentages of casein and whey proteins. Positive influence of CC genotype of CSNS3 on milk proteins of was observed similar to Bos taurus cows; however, such influence of AA genotype of CSN2 locus may be distinctive to the crossbred cows maintained in subtropical condition. Overall, the results revealed the diverse effects of CSN genotypes on milk proteins in crossbred cattle.
对 100 头具有荷斯坦弗里森（Bos taurus）和 Tharparkar（Bos indicus）主要遗传背景的杂交奶牛的四个酪蛋白（CSN）基因座-A26181G 的 CSN1S1、C6227T 的 CSN1S2、A8101C 的 CSN2 和 A13104C 的 CSN3-以及非遗传因素进行了研究，以了解它们对各种牛奶蛋白特性的影响。结果表明，所有 CSN 基因型均存在，且以杂合子为主。在 CSN2（A8101C；His67Pro）基因座上，对人类健康有益的 A2 等位基因以 62%的杂合子和 29%的纯合子形式存在。在非遗传因素中，奶牛的胎次对这些杂交奶牛的牛奶蛋白特性有显著影响。CSN1S1、CSN2 和 CSN3 基因座的基因型被发现影响（p<0.05 至 0.01）酪蛋白和乳清蛋白产量和组成特性。CSN1S2 基因座对酪蛋白指数和总产奶量的影响最大。CSN2 的 AA（A1 乳）基因型的酪蛋白和乳清蛋白产量和百分比显著较高。CSN3 的 CC 基因型对乳蛋白有积极影响，类似于 Bos taurus 奶牛；然而，CSN2 基因座的 AA 基因型的这种影响可能是热带地区杂交奶牛特有的。总的来说，结果表明 CSN 基因型对杂交牛牛奶蛋白的影响具有多样性。
