Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Hum Mov Sci. 2021 Jun;77:102800. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102800. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
Understanding how individuals navigate challenging accuracy demands required to register a legal jump is important in furthering knowledge of competitive long jumping. Identification of co-ordination tendencies unique to each individual emphasises the need to examine the presence of unique movement solutions and presents important information for individualisation of training environments. In this study, key measures of gait were recorded during the long jump run-ups of 8 athletes at 8 national level competitions in the 2015 and 2016 Australian track and field seasons. These gait measures were examined to identify whether different visual regulation strategies emerged for legal and foul jumps for each competitor. Emergence of different footfall variability data curves, illustrating how step adjustments were distributed across the run-up for each athlete, suggests that athletes interacted differently with features of the competition environment. This observation highlights the importance of movement adaptability as constraints change and emerge across each performance trial. Results provided further support in conceptualising the run-up as a continuous interceptive action task consisting of a series of interconnected events (i.e., individual step lengths) influencing the regulation of gait towards the take-off board. This information can be used by coaches and practitioners in designing training environments that promote athlete adaptation of more functional movement solutions closely matched to the dynamics of competition environments. Results suggest that training designs that help athletes to search, explore and exploit key sources of information from the competition environment will enhance the fit between the individual and the environment and the development of rich, adaptable movement solutions for competitive performance.
理解个体如何在需要注册合法跳跃的挑战性准确性要求下进行导航，对于进一步了解竞技跳远是很重要的。识别每个个体特有的协调趋势强调了需要检查独特运动解决方案的存在，并为训练环境的个性化提供了重要信息。在这项研究中，在 2015 年和 2016 年澳大利亚田径赛季的 8 次全国比赛中，记录了 8 名运动员在跳远助跑过程中的关键步态测量值。对这些步态测量值进行了检查，以确定每个运动员的合法跳跃和犯规跳跃是否出现了不同的视觉调节策略。不同步幅可变性数据曲线的出现，说明了每个运动员在助跑过程中步长调整是如何分布的，这表明运动员与比赛环境的特征以不同的方式相互作用。这一观察结果强调了运动适应性的重要性，因为约束条件在每个表现试验中都会发生变化和出现。研究结果进一步支持了将助跑视为一个连续的拦截动作任务的概念，该任务由一系列相互关联的事件（即，个体的步长）组成，这些事件影响着步态向起跳板的调节。教练和从业者可以利用这些信息来设计训练环境，促进运动员适应更符合比赛环境动态的功能性运动解决方案。研究结果表明，帮助运动员从比赛环境中搜索、探索和利用关键信息的训练设计将增强个体与环境之间的适应性，并为竞争表现发展丰富、适应性强的运动解决方案。
