Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychology, College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychol. 2021 Apr 27;9(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s40359-021-00570-1.
The prevalence of mental distress among university students in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is increasing; however, the majority do not receive evidence-based psychological intervention. This calls for the provision of culturally adapted psychological therapy in higher education institutions in LMICs. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Interpersonal Psychotherapy adapted for Ethiopia (IPT-E) among Wolaita Sodo University students and to assess the preliminary outcomes of IPT-E in reducing symptoms of mental distress and in improving functioning.
We used a quasi-experimental single-group pre-post-test study design. As indicators of feasibility of IPT-E, we used consent, treatment completion and attrition. We used Client Satisfaction Questionnaire and semi-structured interview to measure the acceptability of the intervention, self-reporting IPT-E checklist to assess treatment adherence and World Health Organization Disability Assessment and Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 tools to assess functional impairment and mental distress, respectively. We used percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation to summarize the demographic variables, feasibility and acceptability of IPT-E. We analyzed changes from pre- to post-tests of mental distress and functioning results using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Independent sample t-test and one way-ANOVA used to assess the difference in mean score of in demographic variables at baseline and eight weeks. The qualitative data was analyzed with the support of open code 4.02.
IPT-E was feasible (consent rate = 100%; completion rate = 92.31%; attrition rate = 7.69%; mean score of the sessions = 8 and mode of the session = 8). The total mean score of treatment satisfaction was 27.83 (SD = 4.47). After the delivery of IPT-E, symptoms of mental distress were decreased, functioning was improved and therapist adherence to the treatment model was 100% (i.e. treatment delivered according to the IPT-E guideline).
IPT-E was feasible and acceptable to treat university students with mental distress in low-income country setting. The preliminary results also suggest promising viability of IPT-E in higher education institutions of low-income country setting for students with symptoms of anxiety and depression.
在中低收入国家(LMICs),大学生的精神困扰患病率正在上升;然而,大多数人并未接受循证心理干预。这就需要在 LMICs 的高等教育机构提供文化适应的心理治疗。本研究旨在评估人际心理治疗在沃莱塔索多大学学生中的可行性和可接受性,并评估人际心理治疗在减轻精神困扰症状和改善功能方面的初步效果。
我们采用了准实验性单组前后测试设计。作为人际心理治疗可行性的指标,我们使用了同意、治疗完成和脱落率。我们使用客户满意度问卷和半结构化访谈来衡量干预的可接受性,使用自我报告的人际心理治疗检查表来评估治疗依从性,使用世界卫生组织残疾评估和自我报告问卷-20 工具来评估功能障碍和精神困扰,分别。我们使用百分比、频率、平均值和标准差来总结人口统计学变量、人际心理治疗的可行性和可接受性。我们使用配对 t 检验和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验分析精神困扰和功能变化从预测试到后测试的结果。独立样本 t 检验和单因素方差分析用于评估人口统计学变量在基线和八周时的平均得分差异。使用开放式代码 4.02 对定性数据进行分析。
人际心理治疗是可行的(同意率=100%;完成率=92.31%;脱落率=7.69%;平均疗程数=8,模式=8)。治疗满意度的总平均得分为 27.83(SD=4.47)。人际心理治疗后,精神困扰症状减轻,功能改善,治疗师对治疗模式的依从性为 100%(即根据人际心理治疗指南进行治疗)。
人际心理治疗在低收入国家环境中对患有精神困扰的大学生是可行且可接受的。初步结果还表明,人际心理治疗在低收入国家的高等教育机构中对患有焦虑和抑郁症状的学生具有潜在的可行性。