Eisner Manuel, Averdijk Margit, Kaiser Daniela, Murray Aja L, Nivette Amy, Shanahan Lilly, van Gelder Jean-Louis, Ribeaud Denis
Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Aggress Behav. 2021 Jul;47(4):472-482. doi: 10.1002/ab.21965. Epub 2021 Apr 27.
Violent ideations are increasingly recognized as an important psychological predictor for aggressive and violent behavior. However, little is known about the processes that contribute to violent ideations. This paper examines the extent to which polyvictimization triggers violent ideations in late adolescence and early adulthood, while also adjusting for dispositional and situational factors as well as prior violent ideations. Data came from three waves of the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood into Adulthood (z-proso; n = 1465). Full-information maximum likelihood Tobit models were fitted to regress violent ideations experienced at ages 17 and 20 on multiple victimization experiences in the preceding 12 months while controlling for antecedent developmental risk factors and prior violent ideations. The results showed that violent ideations in late adolescence and early adulthood are influenced by violent thoughts, aggressive behavior, violent media consumption, moral neutralization of violence, and internalizing symptoms measured 2 years earlier. Experiences of polyvictimization significantly contributed to an increase in violent ideations both during late adolescence and in early adulthood. The exposure-response relationship between victimization and violent ideations did not significantly differ by sex. The findings are consistent with the notion that violent ideations are triggered by a retaliation-linked psychological mechanism that entails playing out other directed imaginary aggressive scenarios specifically in response to experiencing intentional harm-doing by others.
暴力意念日益被视为攻击和暴力行为的重要心理预测指标。然而，对于导致暴力意念的过程却知之甚少。本文探讨了多重受害经历在多大程度上引发青少年晚期和成年早期的暴力意念，同时还对性格和情境因素以及先前的暴力意念进行了调整。数据来自苏黎世从童年到成年社会发展项目（z-proso）的三个阶段（n = 1465）。采用全信息极大似然 Tobit 模型，在控制先前的发展风险因素和暴力意念的同时，将 17 岁和 20 岁时经历的暴力意念对前 12 个月的多重受害经历进行回归分析。结果表明，青少年晚期和成年早期的暴力意念受到暴力思想、攻击行为、暴力媒体消费、对暴力的道德中和以及两年前测量的内化症状的影响。多重受害经历在青少年晚期和成年早期均显著导致暴力意念增加。受害经历与暴力意念之间的暴露 - 反应关系在性别上无显著差异。这些发现与以下观点一致，即暴力意念是由一种与报复相关的心理机制触发的，这种机制需要具体地设想针对他人故意伤害行为的其他直接想象中的攻击场景。
