Mohd Hussain Rosnani Hanim, Afiqah Wan Nur, Abdul Ghani Mohamed Kamel, Khan Naveed Ahmed, Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah, Anuar Tengku Shahrul
Centre of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
Programme of Biomedical Sciences, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr;28(4):2352-2359. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.030. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
The incidence of keratitis has been increasing since the previous decades, especially among contact lens users. This infection is majorly caused by the use of ineffective contact lens disinfecting solution. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of multi-purpose disinfecting solutions (MPDS) against trophozoites and cysts. genotype T4 isolated from contact lens paraphernalia and an environmental strains were propagated for trophozoite or cyst-containing culture and adjusted in final concentration of 1 × 10 cells/ml. Amoebicidal and cysticidal assays were conducted by incubating trophozoites and cysts with OPTI-FREE® Express®, ReNu® Fresh™, Complete® Multi-Purpose Solution and AVIZOR Unica® Sensitive according to the manufacturer's minimum recommended disinfectant time (MMRDT) for up to 12 h at 30 ⁰C. Trypan blue hemocytometer-based microscopic counts determined amoebicidal and cysticidal effects. The viability of trophozoites and cysts was confirmed by re-inoculated them in the 1.5% non-nutrient agar plates. It was found that none of the MPDS showed amoebicidal and cysticidal effects during the MMRDT. However, OPTI-FREE® Express® demonstrated a significant differences in average cell reduction for both stages within MMRDT. When subjected to 12 h exposure, both OPTI-FREE® Express® and ReNu® Fresh™ led to significant reduction in the number of trophozoite and cyst cells. Notably, Complete® Multi-Purpose Solution and AVIZOR Unica® Sensitive did appreciably improve the solution effectiveness towards trophozoite cells when incubated for 12 h. All MPDS were largely ineffective, with 100% survival of all isolates at MMRDT, while OPTI-FREE® Express® showed limited amoebicidal activity against the contact lens paraphernalia isolate, however, it was more against the environmental strains after 12 h incubation time. The commercially available MPDS employed in this research offered minimal effectiveness against the protozoa despite the contact time. Improvement or development of new solution should consider the adjustment of the appropriate disinfectant concentration, adequate exposure time or the incorporation of novel chemical elements, which are effective against for accelerated disinfecting and more reduction of potential exposure of contact lens users to keratitis.
自前几十年以来，角膜炎的发病率一直在上升，尤其是在隐形眼镜使用者中。这种感染主要是由使用无效的隐形眼镜消毒溶液引起的。因此，本研究旨在评估多功能消毒溶液（MPDS）对滋养体和包囊的作用。从隐形眼镜用具中分离出的基因型T4和一种环境菌株被培养成含有滋养体或包囊的培养物，并调整至最终浓度为1×10⁶个细胞/毫升。通过将滋养体和包囊与OPTI-FREE® Express®、ReNu® Fresh™、Complete®多功能溶液和AVIZOR Unica® Sensitive按照制造商推荐的最短消毒时间（MMRDT）在30℃下孵育长达12小时，进行杀阿米巴和杀包囊试验。基于台盼蓝血细胞计数器的显微镜计数确定杀阿米巴和杀包囊效果。通过将滋养体和包囊重新接种到1.5%的无营养琼脂平板中，确认其活力。结果发现，在MMRDT期间，没有一种MPDS表现出杀阿米巴和杀包囊作用。然而，OPTI-FREE® Express®在MMRDT期间对两个阶段的平均细胞减少量显示出显著差异。当暴露12小时时，OPTI-FREE® Express®和ReNu® Fresh™均导致滋养体和包囊细胞数量显著减少。值得注意的是，Complete®多功能溶液和AVIZOR Unica® Sensitive在孵育12小时时，对滋养体细胞的溶液有效性有明显提高。所有MPDS在很大程度上都是无效的，在MMRDT时所有分离株的存活率均为100%，而OPTI-FREE® Express®对隐形眼镜用具分离株显示出有限的杀阿米巴活性，然而，在孵育12小时后，它对环境菌株的作用更强。尽管有接触时间，但本研究中使用的市售MPDS对原生动物的有效性极小。新溶液的改进或开发应考虑调整适当的消毒剂浓度、足够的暴露时间或加入对加速消毒有效的新型化学元素，以更多地减少隐形眼镜使用者患角膜炎的潜在暴露风险。
