Farmer Nicole, Cotter Elizabeth W
National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 12;12:560578. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.560578. eCollection 2021.
The prevalence of psychosocial distress is increasing in the United States. At the same time, the American default lifestyle has steadily displaced household food production with industrial food production, despite increased cultural interest in cooking. An important focus of cooking research to date has been on cooking's association with nutrition and dietary quality. Less focus has been placed on how cooking might foster the qualities that allow for mitigation of psychosocial distress and promote well-being. Rooted in its evolutionary role in the human experience, cooking requires skills and knowledge that have the capacity to encourage aspects of well-being as described by Seligman as flourishing. Evidence for a beneficial role of cooking in psychosocial health exists, but the exploration is limited, potentially due to lack of a theoretical context to explain these benefits. From this perspective, we review the current literature showing the application of Seligman's prominent well-being model, Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment (PERMA), to cooking, defined as the activity related to the preparation of food or a meal. We propose that the PERMA model as applied to cooking may function as a theoretical framework to explore psychosocial outcomes associated with cooking. Broader application of this approach may also help to further the application of positive psychology in the developing literature around psychosocial health and nutrition-related chronic diseases.
在美国，心理社会困扰的患病率正在上升。与此同时，尽管美国人对烹饪的文化兴趣有所增加，但美国默认的生活方式已逐渐用工业化食品生产取代了家庭食品生产。迄今为止，烹饪研究的一个重要重点一直是烹饪与营养和饮食质量的关联。而对于烹饪如何培养减轻心理社会困扰和促进幸福感的特质，关注较少。烹饪在人类经历中具有进化作用，它需要技能和知识，这些技能和知识有能力促进塞利格曼所描述的繁荣等幸福感方面。烹饪对心理社会健康有益的证据是存在的，但相关探索有限，这可能是由于缺乏解释这些益处的理论背景。从这个角度出发，我们回顾了当前的文献，这些文献展示了塞利格曼著名的幸福模型——积极情绪、投入、人际关系、意义和成就（PERMA）——在烹饪方面的应用，烹饪被定义为与食物或一顿饭的准备相关的活动。我们认为，应用于烹饪的PERMA模型可能作为一个理论框架来探索与烹饪相关的心理社会结果。这种方法的更广泛应用也可能有助于在围绕心理社会健康和营养相关慢性病的发展文献中进一步应用积极心理学。
