Til H P, Woutersen R A, Feron V J, Clary J J
TNO-CIVO Toxicology and Nutrition Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1988 May;26(5):447-52. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(88)90056-7.
A subacute oral toxicity study of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde was carried out in rats. Groups of ten male and ten female 5-wk-old rats received one of the aldehydes in the drinking-water for a period of 4 wk, acetaldehyde being given at dose levels of 25, 125 and 675 mg/kg body weight/day and formaldehyde at dose levels of 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg body weight/day. A group of 20 males and 20 females served as controls and received unsupplemented drinking-water ad lib. An additional group of ten males and ten females was given unsupplemented drinking-water in an amount equal to the amount of liquid consumed by the group given the top dose of formaldehyde. Food and liquid intake were decreased in the groups on the top dose of both acetaldehyde and formaldehyde. Hyperkeratosis of the forestomach, observed only in the top-dose rats, was the only adverse effect of acetaldehyde detected. Effects of formaldehyde, also observed only in the top-dose group, were yellow discoloration of the fur, decreased protein and albumin levels in the blood plasma, thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis in the forestomach, and focal gastritis in the glandular stomach. It was concluded that in this study the no-observed-adverse-effect levels of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde were 125 and 25 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively.
对大鼠进行了乙醛和甲醛的亚急性经口毒性研究。将10只5周龄雄性大鼠和10只5周龄雌性大鼠分为几组，让它们在4周内饮用含有其中一种醛类的水，乙醛的给药剂量水平为25、125和675毫克/千克体重/天，甲醛的给药剂量水平为5、25和125毫克/千克体重/天。一组20只雄性大鼠和20只雌性大鼠作为对照组，随意饮用未添加任何物质的水。另外一组10只雄性大鼠和10只雌性大鼠饮用未添加任何物质的水，其饮水量与给予最高剂量甲醛组所消耗的液体量相等。给予最高剂量乙醛和甲醛的组中，食物和液体摄入量均减少。仅在给予最高剂量的大鼠中观察到的前胃角化过度，是检测到的乙醛的唯一不良影响。甲醛的影响也仅在给予最高剂量的组中观察到，包括皮毛发黄、血浆中蛋白质和白蛋白水平降低、界限嵴增厚、前胃角化过度以及腺胃局灶性胃炎。得出的结论是，在本研究中，乙醛和甲醛的未观察到不良影响水平分别为125和25毫克/千克体重/天。
