Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 Jul;137:9-29. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
Antibiotics use in poultry as a growth promoter leads to the propagation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and incorporation of drug residues in foods; therefore, it has been restricted in different countries. There is a global trend to limit the use of antibiotics in the animal products. Prevention of the antibiotics use in the poultry diets led to the reduction in the growth performance. Consequently, there is a high demand for natural substances that lead to the same growth enhancement and beneficially affect poultry health. These constituents play essential roles in regulating the normal physiological functions of animals including the protection from infectious ailments. Nutraceuticals administration resulted beneficial in both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Being the natural components of diet, they are compatible with it and do not pose risks associated with antibiotics or other drugs. Nutraceuticals are categorized as commercial additives obtained from natural products as an alternative feed supplement for the improvement of animal welfare. This group includes enzymes, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the present review, the summary of various bioactive ingredients that act as nutraceuticals and their mode of action in growth promotion and elevation of the immune system has been presented.
抗生素作为生长促进剂在禽类中的使用导致了抗药性微生物的繁殖和药物残留掺入食物；因此，它在不同国家受到限制。全球范围内有减少动物产品中抗生素使用的趋势。在禽类饲料中禁止使用抗生素会导致生长性能下降。因此，人们强烈需要能够达到同样的促生长效果并有益于禽类健康的天然物质。这些成分在调节动物的正常生理功能方面起着重要作用，包括预防传染病。营养保健品的使用在传染病和非传染病中都有好处。作为饮食的天然成分，它们与饮食相兼容，不会带来与抗生素或其他药物相关的风险。营养保健品被归类为商业添加剂，从天然产品中提取，作为改善动物福利的替代饲料补充剂。这组包括酶、合生元、植物抗生素、有机酸和多不饱和脂肪酸。在本次综述中，总结了作为营养保健品的各种生物活性成分及其在促进生长和提高免疫系统方面的作用模式。
