Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No.238, Wuhan 430060, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No.238, Wuhan 430060, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Aug;97:107653. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107653. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
Stress is an important risk factor for depression. Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that stress-mediated neuroinflammation destroys brain function and leads to anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors. Previous studies of stress-induced depression have mainly focused on pathological damage; however, the rise of positive psychology has attracted the interest of many researchers in environmental enrichment to promote stress resilience. The hippocampus is one of the most severely damaged brain regions in stress-induced depression. In addition, the hippocampus is one of the most unique regions in the brain, as new neurons are produced in the adult hippocampus, a process known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). AHN is an important core component of the neurogenic hypothesis and has also become a major innovative breakthrough in positive psychology, in which environmental enrichment mediates stress resilience. Neuroinflammation, by activating microglia and releasing some proinflammatory cytokines, is increasingly shown to be one of the key determinant pathophysiological factors that negatively affects AHNand cognitive reserve. AHN is mainly related to remodeling stress response mechanisms, such as memory clearing, emotional control, and pattern separation, suggesting that a correlation may exist between neuroinflammation and AHN in stress resilience. Therefore, we summarized the previous research results to systematically expound on the relationship between AHN, stress resilience, and neuroinflammation. We hope this neurogenic hypothesis of positive psychology in stress-induced depression will provide a new perspective for the study of depression and antidepressant therapy.
压力是抑郁的一个重要风险因素。新出现的证据支持这样一种假设，即压力介导的神经炎症会破坏大脑功能，导致类似焦虑和抑郁的行为。以前关于应激引起的抑郁的研究主要集中在病理性损伤上；然而，积极心理学的兴起引起了许多研究人员对环境丰富化以促进应激适应力的兴趣。海马体是应激引起的抑郁中受损最严重的大脑区域之一。此外，海马体是大脑中最独特的区域之一，因为在成年海马体中会产生新的神经元，这个过程被称为成年海马体神经发生（AHN）。AHN 是神经发生假说的重要核心组成部分，也是积极心理学的一个重大创新突破，其中环境丰富化介导了应激适应力。神经炎症通过激活小胶质细胞并释放一些促炎细胞因子，越来越多地被显示为对 AHN 和认知储备产生负面影响的关键病理生理因素之一。AHN 主要与重塑应激反应机制有关，如记忆清除、情绪控制和模式分离，这表明神经炎症与应激适应力中的 AHN 之间可能存在关联。因此，我们总结了以前的研究结果，系统地阐述了 AHN、应激适应力和神经炎症之间的关系。我们希望这种应激诱导性抑郁的积极心理学的神经发生假说为抑郁和抗抑郁治疗的研究提供一个新的视角。
