Staedt Henning, Heimes Diana, Lehmann Karl M, Ottl Peter, Bjelopavlovic Monika, Wagner Wilfried, Al-Nawas Bilal, Kämmerer Peer W
Private Practice, Blumenstraße 43, 73728 Esslingen am Neckar, Germany.
Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstraße 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Apr 1;14(7):1728. doi: 10.3390/ma14071728.
(1) Background: Primary stability-one fundamental criterion for the success of dental implants-is influenced by implant geometry even if the effect of apical shape modifications on implant primary stability has not yet been examined. Therefore, the aim of the ex vivo study was to compare primary stability of implants differing in apically located screw threads (J-line) or a flat tip (K-line) only. (2) Methods: 28 implants of each group of the same diameter (4.3 mm) were randomly inserted into porcine bone blocks. The first group (9, 11 and 13 mm) was inserted into "hard", the second (11 mm) into "soft" bone, here using a normal and an undersized drilling protocol. Insertion torque (Ncm), Periotest value, resonance frequency (implant stability coefficient, ISQ) and push-out force (N) were measured. (3) Results: In "hard" bone, primary stability increased with increasing length in both groups but it was significantly higher in J-line ( < 0.03). An undersized preparation of the implant bed in "soft" bone resulted in a significant increase in primary stability in both groups. Here, J-line also showed a significantly increased primary stability when compared to equally prepared K-line (insertion torque: 37 Ncm vs. 26 Ncm; Periotest: -6.5 vs. -4.3; push-out force: 365 N vs. 329 N; < 0.05 each). (4) Conclusions: Primary stability is significantly higher with increasing implant length and apically located screw threads as well as with undersized drilling protocols. When preparing the implant site and subsequently selecting the implant system, modifying factors such as implant geometry (also at the tip) should be taken into account.
(1) 背景：种植体的初期稳定性是牙种植成功的一项基本标准，即使根尖形状改变对种植体初期稳定性的影响尚未得到研究，种植体几何形状仍会对其产生影响。因此，本体外研究的目的是比较仅在根尖处螺纹（J型）或平端（K型）不同的种植体的初期稳定性。(2) 方法：将每组28枚相同直径（4.3毫米）的种植体随机植入猪骨块中。第一组（9毫米、11毫米和13毫米）植入“硬”骨，第二组（11毫米）植入“软”骨，此处采用常规和欠尺寸钻孔方案。测量植入扭矩（Ncm）、牙周探测值、共振频率（种植体稳定性系数，ISQ）和推出力（N）。(3) 结果：在“硬”骨中，两组种植体的初期稳定性均随长度增加而提高，但J型种植体的初期稳定性显著更高（<0.03）。在“软”骨中，种植窝的欠尺寸预备导致两组种植体的初期稳定性均显著提高。在此情况下，与同等预备的K型种植体相比，J型种植体的初期稳定性也显著提高（植入扭矩：37 Ncm对26 Ncm；牙周探测值：-6.5对-4.3；推出力：365 N对329 N；每项<0.05）。(4) 结论：种植体长度增加、根尖处有螺纹以及采用欠尺寸钻孔方案时，初期稳定性显著更高。在准备种植部位并随后选择种植系统时，应考虑种植体几何形状（包括顶端）等修正因素。
