Stoilov Milan, Shafaghi Ramin, Stark Helmut, Marder Michael, Kraus Dominik, Enkling Norbert
Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Materials Science, Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, Bern University, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 Sep 12;14(9):469. doi: 10.3390/jfb14090469.
(1) Background: Primary implant stability is vital for successful implant therapy. This study explores the influence of implant shape, length, and diameter on primary stability in different bone qualities. (2) Methods: Three implant systems (two parallel-walled and one tapered) with various lengths and diameters were inserted into polyurethane foam blocks of different densities (35, 25, 15, and 10 PCF) using standard drilling protocols. Primary stability was assessed through insertion torque (IT) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Optimal ranges were defined for IT (25 to 50 Ncm) and RFA (ISQ 60 to 80). A comparison of implant groups was conducted to determine adherence to the optimal ranges. (3) Results: Implant macro-design, -length, and -diameter and bone block density significantly influenced IT and RFA. Optimal IT was observed in 8/40 and 9/40 groups for the parallel-walled implants, while the tapered implant achieved optimal IT in 13/40 groups (within a 25-50 Ncm range). Implant diameter strongly impacted primary stability, with sufficient stability achieved in only one-third of cases despite the tapered implant's superiority. (4) Conclusions: The findings highlight the need to adapt the drilling protocol based on diverse bone qualities in clinical practice. Further investigations should explore the impact of these adapted protocols on implant outcomes.
(1) 背景：种植体初期稳定性对于种植治疗的成功至关重要。本研究探讨种植体形状、长度和直径对不同骨质中初期稳定性的影响。(2) 方法：使用标准钻孔方案，将三种具有不同长度和直径的种植系统（两种平行壁式和一种锥形）植入不同密度（35、25、15和10 PCF）的聚氨酯泡沫块中。通过植入扭矩（IT）和共振频率分析（RFA）评估初期稳定性。定义了IT（25至50 Ncm）和RFA（ISQ 60至80）的最佳范围。对种植体组进行比较以确定是否符合最佳范围。(3) 结果：种植体的宏观设计、长度、直径和骨块密度显著影响IT和RFA。对于平行壁式种植体，8/40组和9/40组观察到最佳IT，而锥形种植体在13/40组中实现了最佳IT（在25 - 50 Ncm范围内）。种植体直径对初期稳定性有强烈影响，尽管锥形种植体具有优势，但仅三分之一的病例实现了足够的稳定性。(4) 结论：研究结果强调在临床实践中需要根据不同骨质调整钻孔方案。进一步的研究应探讨这些调整方案对种植体效果的影响。
