Heidari Gourji Fatemeh, Velauthapillai Dhayalan
Department of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Inndalsveien 28, 5063 Bergen, Norway.
Molecules. 2021 Apr 1;26(7):2010. doi: 10.3390/molecules26072010.
Despite the progressive enhancement in the flexibility of Pb-based perovskites for optoelectronic applications, regrettably, they are facing two main challenges; (1) instability, which originates from using organic components in the perovskite structure, and (2) toxicity due to Pb. Therefore, new, stable non-toxic perovskite materials are demanded to overcome these drawbacks. The research community has been working on a wide variety of Pb-free perovskites with different molecular formulas and dimensionality. A variety of Pb-free halide double perovskites have been widely explored by different research groups in search for stable, non-toxic double perovskite material. Especially, Cs-based Pb-free halide double perovskite has been in focus recently. Herein, we present a review of theoretical and experimental research on Cs-based Pb-free double halide perovskites of structural formulas CsMMX6 (M = Ag, Na, In etc.; M= Bi, In, Sb; X = Cl, Br, I¯) and CsMX (M = Ti, Sn, Au etc.). We also present the challenges faced by these perovskite compounds and their current applications especially in photovoltaics alongside the effect of metal dopants on their performance.
尽管用于光电子应用的铅基钙钛矿的灵活性在不断提高，但遗憾的是，它们面临两个主要挑战：（1）不稳定性，这源于在钙钛矿结构中使用有机成分；（2）铅导致的毒性。因此，需要新型、稳定的无毒钙钛矿材料来克服这些缺点。研究界一直在研究各种具有不同分子式和维度的无铅钙钛矿。不同的研究小组广泛探索了各种无铅卤化物双钙钛矿，以寻找稳定、无毒的双钙钛矿材料。特别是，基于铯的无铅卤化物双钙钛矿最近受到了关注。在此，我们对分子式为CsMMX6（M = Ag、Na、In等；M = Bi、In、Sb；X = Cl、Br、I¯）和CsMX（M = Ti、Sn、Au等）的基于铯的无铅双卤化物钙钛矿的理论和实验研究进行综述。我们还介绍了这些钙钛矿化合物面临的挑战及其当前的应用，特别是在光伏领域的应用，以及金属掺杂剂对其性能的影响。
