Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Studies Centre in Applied Combat (CESCA), 45007 Toledo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 8;18(8):3908. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083908.
The actual COVID-19 pandemic scenario has generated a context of uncertainty, helplessness, and inequality. Yet, the perception of COVID-19 risk has influenced nutritional, psychological, and physical activity patterns depending on gender. We conducted the present research with the aim of studying gender differences of university students in the perceived risk of the COVID-19 pandemic, and in psychological, nutritional, oral health, and physical activity habits. To reach the study's aim, 300 volunteer university students completed an online questionnaire which analyzed variables of perceived risk of the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological profiles, and nutritional, oral health, and physical activity habits. Results showed that females presented a higher perception of danger to the COVID-19 virus than males but showed no differences in how the pandemic has affected personal lives. Females showed higher values of anxiety, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience, while males presented higher values of extraversion. Nutritionally, males presented greater consumption of soft drinks, meat, and pasta or rice, and lower buccal hygiene. Yet, no differences were found regarding physical activity patterns. Results from the present study could be used by various educational institutions to implement multidisciplinary interventions to reduce the stress and risk perception.
实际的 COVID-19 大流行情况产生了不确定、无助和不平等的背景。然而，对 COVID-19 风险的感知会根据性别影响营养、心理和身体活动模式。我们进行了这项研究，旨在研究大学生对 COVID-19 大流行风险的感知中的性别差异，以及心理、营养、口腔健康和身体活动习惯。为了达到研究目的，300 名志愿大学生完成了一份在线问卷，该问卷分析了 COVID-19 大流行风险感知、心理特征以及营养、口腔健康和身体活动习惯等变量。结果表明，女性对 COVID-19 病毒的危险感知高于男性，但对大流行如何影响个人生活没有差异。女性表现出更高的焦虑、尽责性、神经质和开放性，而男性则表现出更高的外向性。在营养方面，男性更喜欢喝软饮料、吃肉、面食或米饭，而口腔卫生较差。然而，在身体活动模式方面没有发现差异。本研究的结果可被各种教育机构用于实施多学科干预措施，以减轻压力和风险感知。
