Kalaitsidis Konstantinos, Sidiropoulou Erasmia, Tsiftsoglou Olga, Mourtzinos Ioannis, Moschakis Thomas, Basdagianni Zoitsa, Vasilopoulos Stylianos, Chatzigavriel Styliani, Lazari Diamanto, Giannenas Ilias
Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 8;11(4):1063. doi: 10.3390/ani11041063.
The effect of a diet supplemented with a novel cornus extract, enriched with essential oils of oregano and thyme, on the performance of Chios cross-bred dairy sheep was investigated during the summer period. The plant extracts were prepared using a "green" method based on aqueous extraction. A total of 45 lactating ewes were allocated into three equal groups in a randomized block design. The three groups were fed the same feed allowance, roughage based on Lucerne hay and wheat straw and a concentrate based on cereals and oil cakes (the control diet). The diet of two groups was fortified with cornus extract, with or without oregano and thyme essential oils, at a level 0.515 g of plant extract/essential oils per kg of concentrate. Individual milk yield was recorded weekly and feed refusals were recorded on a pen basis daily, during a six-week period of lactation. Milk samples were analyzed for the chemical composition of protein, fat, lactose and solids-not-fat constituents, somatic cell counts and total viable bacteria counts. Moreover, the milk of each group was used for yoghurt and Feta cheese production. The lipid oxidative stability, protein carbonyl content and fatty acid composition of milk, yoghurt and cheese samples were also evaluated. The results showed that the incorporation of novel plant extracts and essential oils increased the milk production per ewe. Dietary supplementation with cornus extracts and essential oils lowered lipid and protein oxidation in milk, yoghurt and cheese samples, compared to the control. However, diet supplementation with herbal extracts did not affect the fatty acid profile in milk, cheese and yoghurt or the serum biochemical parameters. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with cornus in combination with oregano and thyme has the potential to improve feed utilization and the performance of high-yield dairy Chios cross-bred ewes reared under heat stress.
在夏季期间，研究了一种添加了富含牛至和百里香精油的新型山茱萸提取物的日粮对希俄斯杂交奶羊生产性能的影响。植物提取物采用基于水提取的“绿色”方法制备。总共45只泌乳母羊被随机区组设计分为三个相等的组。三组母羊饲喂相同的采食量，粗饲料以紫花苜蓿干草和小麦秸秆为基础，精饲料以谷物和油饼为基础（对照日粮）。两组日粮分别添加了山茱萸提取物，添加或不添加牛至和百里香精油，添加量为每千克精饲料0.515克植物提取物/精油。在六周的泌乳期内，每周记录个体产奶量，每天以栏为单位记录饲料拒食量。对牛奶样本进行蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖和非脂固形成分的化学成分分析、体细胞计数和总活菌计数。此外，每组的牛奶用于制作酸奶和菲达奶酪。还评估了牛奶、酸奶和奶酪样本的脂质氧化稳定性、蛋白质羰基含量和脂肪酸组成。结果表明，添加新型植物提取物和精油提高了每只母羊的产奶量。与对照组相比，日粮中添加山茱萸提取物和精油降低了牛奶、酸奶和奶酪样本中的脂质和蛋白质氧化。然而，日粮中添加草药提取物对牛奶、奶酪和酸奶中的脂肪酸谱或血清生化参数没有影响。总之，日粮中添加山茱萸并结合牛至和百里香有可能提高热应激条件下饲养的高产希俄斯杂交奶羊的饲料利用率和生产性能。
