Department of Neurosciences and Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Department of Psychiatry, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 2;22(7):3723. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073723.
The gut microbiota is the set of microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract of living creatures, establishing a bidirectional symbiotic relationship that is essential for maintaining homeostasis, for their growth and digestive processes. Growing evidence supports its involvement in the intercommunication system between the gut and the brain, so that it is called the gut-brain-microbiota axis. It is involved in the regulation of the functions of the Central Nervous System (CNS), behavior, mood and anxiety and, therefore, its implication in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this paper, we focused on the possible correlations between the gut microbiota and Bipolar Disorder (BD), in order to determine its role in the pathogenesis and in the clinical management of BD. Current literature supports a possible relationship between the compositional alterations of the intestinal microbiota and BD. Moreover, due to its impact on psychopharmacological treatment absorption, by acting on the composition of the microbiota beneficial effects can be obtained on BD symptoms. Finally, we discussed the potential of correcting gut microbiota alteration as a novel augmentation strategy in BD. Future studies are necessary to better clarify the relevance of gut microbiota alterations as state and disease biomarkers of BD.
肠道微生物群是指定植于生物胃肠道内的微生物集合体，与宿主之间形成双向共生关系，对维持宿主的内环境稳定、生长和消化过程至关重要。越来越多的证据支持其参与肠道与大脑之间的相互通讯系统，因此被称为“肠-脑-微生物群轴”。它参与调节中枢神经系统（CNS）的功能、行为、情绪和焦虑，因此其与神经精神疾病的发病机制有关。在本文中，我们重点关注肠道微生物群与双相情感障碍（BD）之间的可能相关性，以确定其在 BD 发病机制和临床管理中的作用。现有文献支持肠道微生物群组成改变与 BD 之间存在可能的关系。此外，由于其对精神药理学治疗吸收的影响，通过作用于有益微生物群的组成，可以对 BD 症状产生有益的效果。最后，我们讨论了纠正肠道微生物群改变作为 BD 新型增效策略的潜力。未来的研究有必要更好地阐明肠道微生物群改变作为 BD 状态和疾病生物标志物的相关性。
