de Koning Jolanthe, Richards Suzanne H, Wood Grace E R, Stathi Afroditi
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 9;18(8):3971. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083971.
Loneliness and social isolation are associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality and physical inactivity in older age. This study explored the socioecological context in which both physically active and inactive older adults experience loneliness and/or social isolation in a UK rural setting. A mixed-methods design employed semi structured interviews and accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Interviews explored the personal, social and environmental factors influencing engagement with physical activities, guided by an adapted-socioecological model of physical activity behaviour. Twenty-four older adults (Mean Age = 73 (5.8 SD); 12 women) were interviewed. Transcripts were thematically analysed and seven profiles of physical activity, social isolation and loneliness were identified. The high-MVPA group had established PA habits, reported several sources of social contact and evaluated their physical environment as activity friendly. The low MVPA group had diverse experiences of past engagement in social activities. Similar to the high MVPA, they reported a range of sources of social contact but they did not perceive the physical environment as activity friendly. Loneliness and/or social isolation was reported by both physically active and inactive older adults. There is wide diversity and complexity in types and intensity of PA, loneliness and social isolation profiles and personal, social and environmental contexts.
孤独和社会隔离与老年人更高的发病和死亡风险以及身体活动不足相关。本研究探讨了在英国农村环境中，身体活动活跃和不活跃的老年人经历孤独和/或社会隔离的社会生态背景。采用混合方法设计，运用半结构化访谈和加速度计测量的中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）。访谈在适应性身体活动行为社会生态模型的指导下，探讨了影响参与体育活动的个人、社会和环境因素。对24名老年人（平均年龄 = 73岁（标准差5.8）；12名女性）进行了访谈。对访谈记录进行了主题分析，确定了身体活动、社会隔离和孤独的七种类型。高MVPA组已养成体育活动习惯，报告了多种社交接触来源，并将其物理环境评价为有利于活动。低MVPA组过去参与社会活动的经历各不相同。与高MVPA组类似，他们报告了一系列社交接触来源，但他们并不认为物理环境有利于活动。身体活动活跃和不活跃的老年人均报告有孤独和/或社会隔离情况。在体育活动的类型和强度、孤独和社会隔离类型以及个人、社会和环境背景方面存在广泛的多样性和复杂性。
