Ramos-Pinto Lourenço, Machado Marina, Calduch-Giner Josep, Pérez-Sánchez Jaume, Dias Jorge, Conceição Luís E C, Silva Tomé S, Costas Benjamín
Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 21;11(5):1193. doi: 10.3390/ani11051193.
AAs have become interesting feed ingredients to be used in functional fish feeds as not only are they protein building blocks, but they also participate in several other key metabolic processes. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics, hematology, and humoral immune parameters (plasma and skin mucus) were measured twice over the course of the feeding trial (four weeks). Plasma antiprotease activity increased in fish fed Thr compared to those fed the CTRL and Tau treatments, regardless of sampling time. The bactericidal activity in skin mucus decreased in fish fed Tau and His treatments compared to those fed the CTRL diet after two weeks. The membrane IgT () was upregulated in fish fed Tau after four weeks, while C-type lectin domain family domain 10 member () was downregulated in fish fed Thr after two weeks of feeding. By comparing the molecular signatures of head-kidney by means of a PLS-DA, it is possible to visualize that the main difference is between the two sampling points, regardless of diet. Altogether, these results suggest that dietary supplementation with these AAs at the tested levels causes mild immune-modulation effects in gilthead seabream, which should be further studied under disease challenge conditions.
氨基酸已成为用于功能性鱼类饲料的有趣饲料成分，因为它们不仅是蛋白质的组成部分，还参与其他几个关键的代谢过程。在本研究中，在喂养试验过程中（四周）对转录组学、血液学和体液免疫参数（血浆和皮肤黏液）进行了两次全面分析。与喂食对照和牛磺酸处理的鱼相比，喂食苏氨酸的鱼的血浆抗蛋白酶活性增加，与采样时间无关。与喂食对照饲料的鱼相比，喂食牛磺酸和组氨酸处理的鱼在两周后皮肤黏液中的杀菌活性降低。四周后，喂食牛磺酸的鱼中膜免疫球蛋白T（IgT）上调，而喂食苏氨酸两周后的鱼中C型凝集素结构域家族10成员（CLEC10A）下调。通过使用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）比较头肾的分子特征，可以看出主要差异存在于两个采样点之间，与饲料无关。总之，这些结果表明，在测试水平下用这些氨基酸进行日粮补充会在金头鲷中引起轻微的免疫调节作用，这应在疾病挑战条件下进一步研究。
