Department of Sport Sciences, Kore University, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
Study Center of Italian Osteopathy and Horus Social Cooperative, 95100 Catania, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 23;18(9):4494. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094494.
Sport performance is characterized by competitive stressful conditions that elicit emotional states. The purpose of the study was to examine whether stress mediated the relationship between mood states and performance. Thirty-two elite canoe polo players from four different Italian teams (16 senior males and 16 senior females), aged between 29 and 38 years old (M = 32.3, SD = 2.71), participated in the study. Measures included level of psychological stress, six mood dimensions, and performance outcome. We also detected the digit ratio-the lower second-to-fourth digit length (2D:4D) ratio-as it was demonstrated to be correlated to high sports performance. The assessment took place one day before the first game of the national competition "ITALY CUP". Male athletes reported lower scores on dysfunctional emotion-related states and on 2D:4D ratio than female athletes. The results of the mediation analysis showed that psychological stress plays a mediating role between moods and performance. Overall, given the limited literature, the findings supported an integrative approach to the study of the linkage between emotion and action in canoe polo.
运动表现的特点是竞争压力大，会引起情绪状态。本研究的目的是检验压力是否在情绪状态和表现之间起中介作用。来自四个不同意大利队的 32 名精英独木舟水球运动员（16 名男性和 16 名女性）参加了研究，年龄在 29 到 38 岁之间（M = 32.3，SD = 2.71）。测量包括心理压力水平、六个情绪维度和表现结果。我们还检测了数字比率——第二到第四指长度的比率（2D:4D 比率），因为它被证明与高运动表现相关。评估是在全国比赛“ITALY CUP”的第一场比赛前一天进行的。男性运动员在功能失调的情绪相关状态和 2D:4D 比率上的得分低于女性运动员。中介分析的结果表明，心理压力在情绪和表现之间起着中介作用。总的来说，考虑到有限的文献，这些发现支持了一种综合方法来研究独木舟水球中情绪和行动之间的联系。
