Heck Daniel W, Alves Gabriel, Mizubuti Eduardo S G
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Apr 24;7(5):329. doi: 10.3390/jof7050329.
Dispersal of propagules of a pathogen has remarkable effects on the development of epidemics. Previous studies suggested that insect pests play a role in the development of Fusarium wilt (FW) epidemics in banana fields. We provided complementary evidence for the involvement of two insect pests of banana, the weevil borer ( L., WB) and the false weevil borer ( L., FWB), in the dispersal of f. sp. () using a comparative epidemiology approach under field conditions. Two banana plots located in a field with historical records of FW epidemics were used; one was managed with to reduce the population of weevils, and the other was left without applications. The number of WB and FWB was monitored biweekly and the FW incidence was quantified bimonthly during two years. The population of WB and the incidence (6.7%) of FW in the plot managed with were lower than in the plot left unmanaged (13%). The monomolecular model best fitted the FW disease progress data, and as expected, the average estimated disease progress rate was lower in the plot managed with the entomopathogenic fungus ( = 0.002) compared to the unmanaged plot ( = 0.006). Aggregation of FW was higher in the field with WB management. WB affected the spatial and temporal dynamics of FW epidemics under field conditions. Management of the insects may reduce yield loss due to FW.
病原体繁殖体的传播对病害流行发展具有显著影响。先前的研究表明，害虫在香蕉枯萎病（FW）田间流行发展中起作用。我们采用田间条件下的比较流行病学方法，为香蕉的两种害虫，香蕉象甲（L.，WB）和假香蕉象甲（L.，FWB）参与尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Foc）的传播提供了补充证据。使用了位于有FW病史地块的两块香蕉地；一块地采用球孢白僵菌处理以减少象甲数量，另一块地未进行球孢白僵菌处理。在两年期间，每两周监测一次WB和FWB的数量，每两个月对FW发病率进行定量。采用球孢白僵菌处理地块的WB数量和FW发病率（6.7%）低于未处理地块（13%）。单分子模型最适合FW病害进展数据，正如预期的那样，与未处理地块（r = 0.006）相比，采用昆虫病原真菌处理地块的平均估计病害进展速率较低（r = 0.002）。在有WB防治措施的地块中，FW的聚集程度更高。在田间条件下，WB影响FW病害流行在空间和时间上的动态。防治这些昆虫可能会减少FW造成的产量损失。
