Włodarczyk Jakub, Waśniewska Anna, Fichna Jakub, Dziki Adam, Dziki Łukasz, Włodarczyk Marcin
Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Apr 16;10(8):1738. doi: 10.3390/jcm10081738.
Constipation is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders diagnosed in clinical practice in Western countries. Almost 20% of population suffer from this disorder, which means constipation is a substantial utilization of healthcare. Pathophysiology of constipation is complex and multifactorial, where aspects like disturbance in colonic transit, genetic predisposition, lifestyle habits, psychological distress, and many others need to be taken into consideration. Diagnosis of constipation is troublesome and requires thorough accurate examination. A nonpharmacological approach, education of the patient about the importance of lifestyle changes like diet and sport activity state, are the first line of therapy. In case of ineffective treatment, pharmacological treatments such as laxatives, secretagogues, serotonergic agonists, and many other medications should be induced. If pharmacologic treatment fails, the definitive solution for constipation might be surgical approach. Commonness of this disorder, costs of medical care and decrease in quality life cause constipation is a serious issue for many specialists. The aim of this review is to present current knowledge of chronic constipation and management of this disorder.
便秘是西方国家临床实践中诊断出的主要胃肠道疾病之一。近20%的人口患有这种疾病，这意味着便秘占用了大量医疗资源。便秘的病理生理学复杂且多因素，需要考虑结肠转运紊乱、遗传易感性、生活习惯、心理困扰等诸多方面。便秘的诊断很麻烦，需要进行全面准确的检查。非药物治疗方法，即教育患者了解饮食和体育活动等生活方式改变的重要性，是一线治疗方法。如果治疗无效，则应采用泻药、促分泌剂、5-羟色胺能激动剂等药物治疗。如果药物治疗失败，便秘的最终解决方案可能是手术治疗。这种疾病的普遍性、医疗费用以及生活质量下降，使得便秘成为许多专家面临的严重问题。本综述的目的是介绍慢性便秘的现有知识及其治疗方法。
