Townes Ashley, Lyons Shacara Johnson, McCree Donna Hubbard
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop 8-4, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):1083-1088. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01047-y. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Racial and geographical disparities exist in HIV infections in the USA. The highest burden of HIV diagnoses remains among Black/African American persons and is concentrated in the Southern region. This paper describes within-race changes in HIV diagnoses among heterosexually active Black/African American persons in seven states with the highest rates/100,000 population of HIV diagnoses in the South, during 2014-2018. The total number of diagnoses among Black males and females with infection attributed to heterosexual contact decreased in 2018 compared to 2014. Diagnoses decreased among Black males and females in Louisiana and among Black females in Texas. While the declines indicate progress, Black males and females in the South remain disproportionately affected by HIV. Results support a need for the development, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based HIV prevention interventions and strategies for heterosexually active persons in jurisdictions that have not seen decreases in HIV diagnoses.
在美国，艾滋病毒感染存在种族和地域差异。艾滋病毒诊断负担最重的仍是黑人/非裔美国人，且集中在南部地区。本文描述了2014年至2018年期间，南部地区艾滋病毒诊断率最高（每10万人）的七个州中，性活跃的黑人/非裔美国人在种族内部的艾滋病毒诊断变化情况。与2014年相比，2018年因异性接触感染艾滋病毒的黑人男性和女性的诊断总数有所下降。路易斯安那州的黑人男性和女性以及得克萨斯州的黑人女性的诊断数均有所下降。虽然这些下降表明取得了进展，但南部的黑人男性和女性受艾滋病毒影响的比例仍然过高。研究结果表明，对于艾滋病毒诊断数未下降的辖区，有必要为性活跃人群制定、实施和评估基于证据的艾滋病毒预防干预措施和策略。
