Laboratory of Psychology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, Mihama-cho, Aichi, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 30;16(4):e0250851. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250851. eCollection 2021.
Concurrent body movements have been shown to enhance the accuracy of spatial judgment, but it remains unclear whether they also contribute to perceptual estimates of gravitational space not involving body movements. To address this, we evaluated the effects of static or dynamic arm movements during prolonged whole-body tilt on the subsequent perceptual estimates of visual or postural vertical. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to continuously perform static or dynamic arm movements during prolonged tilt, and we assessed their effects on the prolonged tilt-induced shifts of subjective visual vertical (SVV) at a tilted position (during-tilt session) or near upright (post-tilt session). In Experiment 2, we evaluated how static or dynamic arm movements during prolonged tilt subsequently affected the subjective postural vertical (SPV). In Experiment 1, we observed that the SVV was significantly shifted toward the direction of prolonged tilt in both sessions. The SVV shifts decreased when performing dynamic arm movements in the during-tilt session, but not in the post-tilt session. In Experiment 2, as well as SVV, the SPV was shifted toward the direction of prolonged tilt, but it was not significantly attenuated by the performance of static or dynamic arm movements. The results of the during-tilt session suggest that the central nervous system utilizes additional information generated by dynamic body movements for perceptual estimates of visual vertical.
同时进行的身体运动已被证明可以提高空间判断的准确性，但目前尚不清楚它们是否也有助于对不涉及身体运动的重力空间进行感知估计。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了在长时间全身倾斜期间进行静态或动态手臂运动对随后视觉或姿势垂直的视觉垂直感知估计的影响。在实验 1 中，要求参与者在长时间倾斜期间连续进行静态或动态手臂运动，并评估它们对倾斜位置（倾斜期间会话）或接近垂直位置（倾斜后会话）的长时间倾斜引起的主观视觉垂直（SVV）偏移的影响。在实验 2 中，我们评估了在长时间倾斜期间进行静态或动态手臂运动如何随后影响主观姿势垂直（SPV）。在实验 1 中，我们观察到 SVV 在两个会话中都明显向长时间倾斜的方向偏移。在倾斜期间会话中进行动态手臂运动时，SVV 偏移减小，但在倾斜后会话中则没有。在实验 2 中，与 SVV 一样，SPV 也向长时间倾斜的方向偏移，但静态或动态手臂运动的执行并没有显著减弱它。倾斜期间会话的结果表明，中枢神经系统利用动态身体运动产生的额外信息来进行视觉垂直的感知估计。
