Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2021 Aug;144(2):153-167. doi: 10.1111/acps.13313. Epub 2021 May 18.
Month of birth (MOB) is associated with specified mental disorders (MDs). However, whether these relationships extend to all MDs remains unclear. We investigate the association using a population-based cohort study and a meta-analysis.
First, we examined patients with 34 DSM-5-classified MDs in the Taiwan national database. We estimated the relative risk ratios (RR) of each illness in each MOB relative to that in the general population and assessed the periodicity, with six further sensitivity analyses. Second, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for related articles through 31 December 2020. We used a random-effects model, pooled RRs with 95% confidence intervals of each MOB from the identified studies, and transformed them from MOB to relative age in a year or season.
The cohort included 1,951,777 patients. Except for posttraumatic stress disorder, dissociative disorders, feeding/eating disorders, gender dysphoria, and paraphilic disorders, the other MDs had significant MOB periodicity. The meta-analysis included 51 studies investigating 10 MDs. The youngest age at the start of school owing to MOB was associated with the highest RRs of intellectual disability (1.13), autism (1.05), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1.13). Winter births had significant risks of schizophrenia (1.04), bipolar I disorder (1.02), and major depressive disorder (1.01), and autumn births had a significant risk of alcohol use disorder (1.02). No significant associations between season of birth and Alzheimer's disease, or eating disorders were found.
MOB is related to the risks of certain MDs. This finding provides a reference for future research on the etiology of MDs.
出生月份（MOB）与特定精神障碍（MDs）相关。然而，这些关系是否扩展到所有 MDs 尚不清楚。我们使用基于人群的队列研究和荟萃分析来研究这种关联。
首先，我们在台湾国家数据库中检查了 34 种 DSM-5 分类的 MDs 的患者。我们估计了每种 MOB 相对于普通人群中每种疾病的相对风险比（RR），并评估了周期性，进行了六项进一步的敏感性分析。其次，我们通过 31 日检索 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库，以获取相关文章。我们使用随机效应模型，汇总了从确定的研究中每个 MOB 的 RR 和 95%置信区间，并将其从 MOB 转换为一年或季节中的相对年龄。
队列包括 1,951,777 名患者。除创伤后应激障碍、分离性障碍、进食/饮食障碍、性别认同障碍和性偏好障碍外，其他 MDs 具有显著的 MOB 周期性。荟萃分析包括 51 项研究，涉及 10 种 MDs。由于 MOB 而导致上学年龄最小的儿童，其智力障碍（1.13）、自闭症（1.05）、注意力缺陷/多动障碍（1.13）的 RR 最高。冬季出生与精神分裂症（1.04）、双相情感障碍 I 型（1.02）和重度抑郁症（1.01）的风险显著相关，秋季出生与酒精使用障碍（1.02）的风险显著相关。未发现出生季节与阿尔茨海默病或饮食障碍之间存在显著关联。
MOB 与某些 MDs 的风险相关。这一发现为未来 MDs 的病因研究提供了参考。
