Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021 Jun;76:101650. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101650. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Blastocystosis is an interesting parasitosis, since the parasitic infection is still seriously neglected and a considerable zoonotic evidence is emerging. Blastocystis sp. infects the intestinal lumen of humans and a wide range of animals, while there is a lack of comprehensive information on Blastocystis epidemiology in cattle worldwide. Thus, the present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by exploring four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar) for relevant published papers up to 7th November 2020, utilizing a random-effects model to pool estimations and assign 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results of 28 studies (29 datasets) on cattle showed a 24.4 % (95 % CI: 16.9-33.9 %) prevalence for Blastocystis infection. Also, 16 out of 26 reported subtypes (STs) were isolated from cattle, with ST10 (18 datasets) as the highest-reported [32.3 % (95 % CI: 21.6-45.3)] as well as ST24 and ST25 (one study each) as the lowest-reported STs [1.4 % (95 % CI: 0.2-9.1)]. Additionally, among nine well-known zoonotic STs (ST1-ST8 and ST12), all STs except for ST8 were reported from cattle worldwide, demonstrating this animal species as a potential reservoir for human infections. Meanwhile, the overall prevalence of Blastocystis in various subgroups (publication year, WHO regions, countries, continents, and age groups) was analyzed separately. The finding of the present review article highlights the cattle as a significant source of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis infection to humans, which must be considered for preventive measures.
芽囊原虫病是一种有趣的寄生虫病，因为寄生感染仍然严重被忽视，并且越来越多的证据表明其具有明显的动物源性。芽囊原虫感染人类和广泛动物的肠腔，而全球牛群中芽囊原虫流行病学的综合信息却十分缺乏。因此，本系统综述和荟萃分析通过检索四个电子数据库（PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Google Scholar），对截至 2020 年 11 月 7 日的相关已发表文献进行了探索，采用随机效应模型对估算值进行合并，并分配 95%置信区间（CI）。28 项关于牛的研究（29 个数据集）的结果显示，芽囊原虫感染的流行率为 24.4%（95%CI：16.9-33.9%）。此外，从牛群中分离出的 26 个报告亚型（ST）中有 16 个，其中 ST10（18 个数据集）的报告率最高[32.3%（95%CI：21.6-45.3%）]，ST24 和 ST25（各有 1 项研究）的报告率最低[1.4%（95%CI：0.2-9.1%）]。此外，在 9 种知名的人兽共患 ST （ST1-ST8 和 ST12）中，除 ST8 外，所有 ST 均从世界各地的牛群中报告，表明该动物物种是人感染的潜在储存宿主。同时，还分别分析了不同亚组（出版年份、世卫组织区域、国家、大洲和年龄组）中芽囊原虫的总体流行率。本文综述的研究结果强调了牛作为芽囊原虫感染向人类传播的重要动物源性传染源，这必须在预防措施中加以考虑。
