Cerantola Valerio, Rosa Angelika Dorothea, Konôpková Zuzana, Torchio Raffaella, Brambrink Erik, Rack Alexander, Zastrau Ulf, Pascarelli Sakura
European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.
ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2021 May 28;33(27). doi: 10.1088/1361-648X/abfd50.
Synchrotrons and free electron lasers are unique facilities to probe the atomic structure and electronic properties of matter at extreme thermodynamical conditions. In this context, 'matter at extreme pressures and temperatures' was one of the science drivers for the construction of low emittance 4th generation synchrotron sources such as the Extremely Brilliant Source of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and hard x-ray free electron lasers, such as the European x-ray free electron laser. These new user facilities combine static high pressure and dynamic shock compression experiments to outstanding high brilliance and submicron beams. This combination not only increases the data-quality but also enlarges tremendously the accessible pressure, temperature and density space. At the same time, the large spectrum of available complementary x-ray diagnostics for static and shock compression studies opens unprecedented insights into the state of matter at extremes. The article aims at highlighting a new horizon of scientific opportunities based on the synergy between extremely brilliant synchrotrons and hard x-ray free electron lasers.
同步加速器和自由电子激光是在极端热力学条件下探测物质原子结构和电子特性的独特设施。在此背景下，“处于极端压力和温度下的物质”是建造低发射度第四代同步加速器光源（如欧洲同步辐射装置的极亮光源）以及硬X射线自由电子激光（如欧洲X射线自由电子激光）的科学驱动力之一。这些新的用户设施将静态高压和动态冲击压缩实验与卓越的高亮度和亚微米光束相结合。这种结合不仅提高了数据质量，还极大地扩展了可达到的压力、温度和密度空间。同时，用于静态和冲击压缩研究的大量可用互补X射线诊断方法为极端条件下的物质状态带来了前所未有的见解。本文旨在突出基于极亮同步加速器和硬X射线自由电子激光之间协同作用的科学机遇新视野。
