Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Centre médical, Bordeaux, France.
Prog Brain Res. 2021;262:469-485. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.029. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Tinnitus is generally defined as an auditory perception in the absence of environmental sound stimulation. However, this definition is quite incomplete as it omits an essential aspect, the patient's point of view. This point of view constitutes, first and foremost, a global and unified lived experience, which is not only sensory (localization, loudness, pitch and tone), but also cognitive (thoughts, attentiveness, behaviors) and emotional (discomfort, suffering). This experience can be lived in a very unpleasant way and consequently have a very negative impact on quality of life. This article proposes and justifies a new definition for tinnitus elaborated by a group of French clinicians and researchers, which is more in line with its phenomenology. It also provides a minimum knowledge base, including possibilities for clinical care, hoping to eradicate all misinformation, misconceptions and inappropriate attitudes or practices toward this condition. Here is the short version of our definition: Tinnitus is an auditory sensation without an external sound stimulation or meaning, which can be lived as an unpleasant experience, possibly impacting quality of life.
耳鸣通常被定义为在没有环境声音刺激的情况下产生的听觉感知。然而，这个定义相当不完整，因为它忽略了一个重要的方面，即患者的观点。这个观点首先构成了一种整体和统一的生活体验，它不仅是感觉的（定位、响度、音调和音色），也是认知的（思维、注意力、行为）和情感的（不适、痛苦）。这种体验可能非常不愉快，因此对生活质量有非常负面的影响。本文提出并 justifies 了一个由法国临床医生和研究人员制定的耳鸣新定义，该定义更符合其现象学。它还提供了一个最小的知识库，包括临床护理的可能性，希望消除所有关于这种疾病的错误信息、误解和不适当的态度或做法。这是我们定义的简短版本：耳鸣是一种没有外部声音刺激或意义的听觉感觉，可能被体验为一种不愉快的体验，可能会影响生活质量。
