Liu Ke, Jiang Jin-Feng, Lu Sheng-Feng
Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education; School of Acupuncture and Tuina, School of Regimen and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2021 Apr 25;46(4):335-41. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.200665.
To investigate the effect characteristics and mechanism of acupuncture in autonomic nerve regulation through a comprehensive literature analysis.
CNKI and PubMed databases were searched for the studies on acupuncture in autonomic nerve regulation in the past 30 years, and Excel was used to perform a descriptive analysis of research subjects, intervention methods, intervention sites (acupoint selection), intervention parameters, and effect mechanism of acupuncture.
A total of 202 studies were included, among which there were 51 clinical studies, mostly on the nervous system and the circulatory system; Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36), Fengchi (GB20), and Hegu (LI4) were the most frequently used acupoints, manual acupuncture was the most common intervention method, most of the acupoints selected were in the extremities, head, face, and neck, and heart rate variability was the main parameter for evaluation. Among the 151 animal experimental studies, there were many studies on the digestive system and the circulatory system; "Zusanli" (ST36), "Neiguan" (PC6), and "Shenmen" (HT7) were the most frequently used acupoints, electroacupuncture was the most common intervention method, most of the acupoints selected were in the extremities, and the main effect mechanism was to regulate the central vagus nerve activity and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP).
Acupuncture has a good effect on autonomic nerve regulation. The acupoints in extremities, head, and face are mainly used in studies. The main action pathways are central vagus nerve activity and CAP, as demonstrated in the animal experiments. Acupuncture has specific effect characteristics, which are closely associated with the acupoints, methods, and parameters of stimulation.
通过综合文献分析，探讨针刺在自主神经调节中的效应特点及机制。
检索中国知网（CNKI）和PubMed数据库中近30年针刺在自主神经调节方面的研究，并用Excel对研究对象、干预方法、干预部位（穴位选择）、干预参数及针刺效应机制进行描述性分析。
共纳入202项研究，其中临床研究51项，主要涉及神经系统和循环系统；内关（PC6）、足三里（ST36）、风池（GB20）和合谷（LI4）是最常用穴位，手法针刺是最常见的干预方法，所选穴位大多位于四肢、头面部和颈部，心率变异性是主要评价指标。在151项动物实验研究中，消化系统和循环系统的研究较多；“足三里”（ST36）、“内关”（PC6）和“神门”（HT7）是最常用穴位，电针是最常见的干预方法，所选穴位大多位于四肢，主要效应机制是调节中枢迷走神经活动和胆碱能抗炎通路（CAP）。
针刺对自主神经调节有良好作用。研究主要采用四肢、头面部穴位。动物实验表明，主要作用途径为中枢迷走神经活动和CAP。针刺具有特定的效应特点，与穴位、方法及刺激参数密切相关。
