Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 1;785:147180. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147180. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Many reviewers have applied bibliometric analysis to conduct research on heavy metals (HMs) in Chinese soil and found that risk management decisions were biased to a certain extent due to case distribution difference and uncertainty. The previous methodologies were optimized integrating further uncertainty control and case identification in this study. A solid database was built, which included 779 cases published from 2009 to 2020. Based on the data features, the weight method was used to objectively shield extreme cases and normalize the concentrations. We conducted fuzzy eco- and health risk models via a triangular fuzzy number, and identified the risks from Pb, Cd, As, and Hg as the priority control metals. However, the national HMs risk had complex spatial heterogeneity and significant uncertainty. Thus, an "integrated risk grade criterion (IRGC)" was coupled with the risk threshold concentrations for the eco- and health risks to classify the each case. The cases above the moderate IRGC grade for Cd or Hg accounted for approximately 50%, and were mainly in the west and north of China, respectively. The high-grade areas were mostly in the south of China, including the Xijiang-Pearl River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. It was demonstrated that warning health risks were likely a local question and that the ecological risks from Hg and Cd were considerable across China. By reviewing and summarizing the text information, high grades of soil Cd, Pb, and As were frequently reported in the villages associated with the mining industry, and certain soil Cd near suburban industrial complexes also caused warning health risks. Finally, this study proposed priority control objects for hierarchical risk management, including the identified heavy metals, areas, and pilot cities from multi-spatial scales.
许多评论者应用文献计量分析方法对中国土壤中的重金属（HMs）进行了研究，发现由于案例分布差异和不确定性，风险管理决策在一定程度上存在偏差。本研究在整合进一步不确定性控制和案例识别的基础上，对以前的方法进行了优化。建立了一个包含 2009 年至 2020 年发表的 779 个案例的坚实数据库。基于数据特征，使用权重法客观屏蔽极端案例并对浓度进行归一化。我们通过三角模糊数进行模糊生态和健康风险模型，并确定 Pb、Cd、As 和 Hg 为优先控制金属的风险。然而，全国 HMs 风险具有复杂的空间异质性和显著的不确定性。因此，将“综合风险等级标准（IRGC）”与生态和健康风险的风险阈值浓度相结合，对每个案例进行分类。Cd 或 Hg 的中等级别以上的案例约占 50%，主要分布在中国的西部和北部。高等级区域主要分布在中国南方，包括西江-珠江流域和长江流域。这表明，预警健康风险可能是一个局部问题，而 Hg 和 Cd 的生态风险在中国是相当大的。通过回顾和总结文本信息，与矿业相关的村庄中经常报告土壤 Cd、Pb 和 As 的高等级，某些郊区工业综合体附近的土壤 Cd 也会引起预警健康风险。最后，本研究提出了分层风险管理的优先控制对象，包括从多空间尺度识别的重金属、区域和试点城市。
