Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641046, India.
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641046, India.
Clin Nutr. 2021 May;40(5):2707-2715. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.044. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Human beings are often driven to exhibit dietary preference according to their hedonic characteristics. Though previous studies proposed that the fat taste preference of an obese individual was associated with BMI, the perception of fat taste differs for every individual. The genetic variation among populations in taste receptor genes such as CD36 may be a contributing factor for this difference. Satiety peptides can also play a role in the regulation of fat taste perception. Generally, this hormone helps us to feel the sense of satiety.
We have analysed the relationship among oro-gustatory perception of dietary lipids, salivary peptide-YY and genetic polymorphism in CD36. Oral fatty acid sensitivity analysis was performed by alternative forced choice method. Salivary peptide-YY concentration was analysed by ELISA and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in CD36 gene was determined by Real-Time PCR experiments.
We observed that the SNP at rs1761667 of CD36 and oral detection threshold for linoleic acid (LA) are associated with choice of food, lipid profiles, peptide-YY as well as adiposity parameters in obese population. Obese peoples had significantly low levels of peptide YY than people with BMI less than 25. These factors possibly play a role in preference for energy rich diets, development of obesity and associated complications.
This study provides a solid foundation for understanding the alterations in the dietary fat intake and levels of peptide-YY, which are associated with polymorphism in fat taste receptor. This is the first report that shows a significant relationship between the satiety hormone level, SNP in CD36 gene and oral fat detection threshold in human subjects.
人类常常根据自身的享乐特性表现出对饮食的偏好。尽管先前的研究表明，肥胖个体对脂肪味道的偏好与 BMI 有关，但每个人对脂肪味道的感知是不同的。人群中味觉受体基因（如 CD36）的遗传变异可能是造成这种差异的一个因素。饱食肽也可以在调节脂肪味觉感知中发挥作用。一般来说，这种激素有助于我们产生饱腹感。
我们分析了饮食脂肪的味觉感知、唾液肽 YY 和 CD36 基因多态性之间的关系。通过交替强迫选择法进行口腔脂肪酸敏感性分析。通过 ELISA 分析唾液肽 YY 浓度，通过实时 PCR 实验确定 CD36 基因中的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。
我们观察到 CD36 的 rs1761667 单核苷酸多态性和亚麻酸（LA）的口腔检测阈值与肥胖人群的食物选择、脂质谱、肽 YY 以及肥胖参数有关。肥胖人群的肽 YY 水平明显低于 BMI 小于 25 的人群。这些因素可能在能量丰富的饮食偏好、肥胖的发展以及相关并发症的发生中发挥作用。
本研究为理解与脂肪味觉受体多态性相关的饮食脂肪摄入和肽 YY 水平的变化提供了坚实的基础。这是首次报道显示，在人类受试者中，饱腹感激素水平、CD36 基因中的 SNP 和口腔脂肪检测阈值之间存在显著关系。
