Besirli Asli, Erden Selime Celik, Atilgan Mehmet, Varlihan Ali, Habaci Mustafa Fahrettin, Yeniceri Tugba, Isler Ayla Canli, Gumus Muratcan, Kizileroglu Serap, Ozturk Gizem, Ozer Omer Akil, Ozdemir Haci Mustafa
Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul Turkey.
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2021 Mar 17;55(1):1-11. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2020.57259. eCollection 2021.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, locally and internationally after it started in Hubei province of China in December 2019. During the spread of this infectious disease in the world, health care workers are taking place as the main people in the screening and treatment of the disease. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between anxiety and depression levels with perceived stress and coping strategies in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
In this study, 200 participants were included. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) were applied.
Mean scores for BDI and BAI were 9.2±8.9 and 8.2±9.2, respectively. BDI scores of 33 (16.5%) of 200 participants were ≥17. 62% of the participants had minimal depression, 21.5% of the participants had mild depression, 13.5 % of the participants had moderate depression, and 3% of the participants had severe depression according to BDI scores. 60.5% of the participants had minimal anxiety, 25.5% of the participants had mild anxiety, 8.5% of the participants had moderate anxiety and 5.5% of the participants had severe anxiety according to BAI scores. BAI and BDI scores of the female participants were statistically higher than the male participants. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between BAI and BDI scores and PSS-10 scores. A statistically significant difference was found in the averages of BAI and BDI, PSS-10 COPE 3 (Focus on and venting of emotions), 7 (Religious coping) and 13 (Acceptance) subscales levels in occupational groups. A statistically significant difference was found in BDI levels in the clinical units during the pandemic.
This study indicated that different coping strategies can be used in health care workers regarding anxiety, depression and stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. While problem-solving and emotion-focused adaptive coping mechanisms help reduce symptoms, maladaptive and negative coping mechanisms can cause symptoms to exacerbate. Thus, training should be given to developing attitudes of health care workers to cope with stress.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）自2019年12月在中国湖北省出现后，已在当地和国际上迅速传播。在这种传染病在全球传播期间，医护人员成为了该疾病筛查和治疗的主要力量。本研究旨在评估COVID-19大流行期间医护人员的焦虑和抑郁水平与感知压力及应对策略之间的关系。
本研究纳入了200名参与者。应用了贝克焦虑量表（BAI）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、感知压力量表-10（PSS-10）和应对方式问卷（COPE）。
BDI和BAI的平均得分分别为9.2±8.9和8.2±9.2。200名参与者中，33人（16.5%）的BDI得分≥17。根据BDI得分，62%的参与者有轻微抑郁，21.5%的参与者有轻度抑郁，13.5%的参与者有中度抑郁，3%的参与者有重度抑郁。根据BAI得分，60.5%的参与者有轻微焦虑，25.5%的参与者有轻度焦虑，8.5%的参与者有中度焦虑，5.5%的参与者有重度焦虑。女性参与者的BAI和BDI得分在统计学上高于男性参与者。BAI和BDI得分与PSS-10得分之间存在统计学上的显著正相关。职业组中BAI和BDI、PSS-10、COPE的3个分量表（情绪关注与宣泄）、7个分量表（宗教应对）和13个分量表（接受）的平均水平存在统计学上的显著差异。大流行期间临床科室的BDI水平存在统计学上的显著差异。
本研究表明，在COVID-19大流行期间，医护人员可针对焦虑、抑郁和压力水平采用不同的应对策略。解决问题和以情绪为中心的适应性应对机制有助于减轻症状，而适应不良和消极的应对机制则可能导致症状加重。因此，应开展培训以培养医护人员应对压力的态度。
