Cho Chulmin, Deol Harashdeep K, Martin Loren J
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;12:603186. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.603186. eCollection 2021.
A gap exists between translating basic science research into effective pain therapies in humans. While preclinical pain research has primarily used animal models to understand biological processes, a lesser focus has been toward using animal models to fully consider other components of the pain experience, such as psychological and social influences. Herein, we provide an overview of translational studies within pain research by breaking them down into purely biological, psychological and social influences using a framework derived from the biopsychosocial model. We draw from a wide landscape of studies to illustrate that the pain experience is highly intricate, and every attempt must be made to address its multiple components and interactors to aid in fully understanding its complexity. We highlight our work where we have developed animal models to assess the cognitive and social effects on pain modulation while conducting parallel experiments in people that provide proof-of-importance for human pain modulation. In some instances, human pain research has sparked the development of novel animal models, with these animal models used to better understand the complexity of phenomena considered to be uniquely human such as placebo responses and empathy.
将基础科学研究转化为有效的人类疼痛治疗方法之间存在差距。虽然临床前疼痛研究主要使用动物模型来理解生物学过程，但较少关注使用动物模型来全面考虑疼痛体验的其他组成部分，如心理和社会影响。在此，我们通过使用源自生物心理社会模型的框架，将疼痛研究中的转化研究分解为纯粹的生物学、心理和社会影响，对其进行概述。我们借鉴了广泛的研究领域，以说明疼痛体验非常复杂，必须尽一切努力解决其多个组成部分和相互作用因素，以帮助充分理解其复杂性。我们重点介绍了我们的工作，即我们开发了动物模型来评估认知和社会对疼痛调节的影响，同时在人类中进行平行实验，为人类疼痛调节提供重要性证明。在某些情况下，人类疼痛研究引发了新型动物模型的开发，这些动物模型用于更好地理解被认为是人类独有的现象的复杂性，如安慰剂反应和同理心。
