Lette Emily D, Burnham Quinton F, Lawler Nathan, Horwitz Pierre, Boyce Mary C, Broadhurst David I, Duffy Rodney, Koenders Annette
Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Front Mol Biosci. 2021 Apr 16;8:650839. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.650839. eCollection 2021.
Captive breeding is a vital tool in the conservation of highly endangered species, as it is for the Margaret River hairy marron, , from the south west of Australia. A close relative, , has almost completely displaced in the wild and is a successful aquaculture species, whereas has performed poorly in captivity. We used untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to obtain metabolomic profiles of female and male held in controlled aquarium conditions during their reproductive period. Using repeated haemolymph sampling we tracked the metabolomic profiles of animals just prior to and for a period of up to 34 days after pairing with a similar sized potential mate. We identified 54 reproducible annotated metabolites including amino acids, fatty acids, biogenic amines, purine and pyrimidine metabolites and excretion metabolites. Hierarchical clustering analysis distinguished five metabolite clusters. Principal component-canonical variate analysis clearly distinguished females from males, both unpaired and paired; similar trends in profile changes in both sexes after pairing; and a striking shift in males upon pairing. We discuss three main patterns of metabolomic responses: differentiation between sexes; reactive responses to the disturbance of pairing; and convergent response to the disturbance of pairing for males. Females generally had higher concentrations of metabolites involved in metabolic rate, mobilisation of energy stores and stress. Responses to the disturbance of pairing were also related to elevated stress. Females were mobilising lipid stores to deposit yolk, whereas males had a rapid and strong response to pairing, with shifts in metabolites associated with gonad development and communication, indicating males could complete reproductive readiness only once paired with a female. The metabolomic profiles support a previously proposed potential mechanism for displacement of by in the wild and identify several biomarkers for testing hypotheses regarding reproductive success using targeted metabolomics.
圈养繁殖是保护极度濒危物种的一项重要手段，对于澳大利亚西南部的玛格丽特河毛螯虾来说亦是如此。其近亲光滑螯虾在野外几乎已将毛螯虾完全取代，并且是一种成功的水产养殖品种，而毛螯虾在圈养环境中的表现不佳。我们采用非靶向液相色谱 - 质谱联用技术，获取了处于繁殖期、饲养在可控水族箱条件下的雌性和雄性毛螯虾的代谢组学图谱。通过反复采集血淋巴样本，我们追踪了动物在与体型相似的潜在配偶配对前以及配对后长达34天的代谢组学图谱变化。我们鉴定出54种可重复注释的代谢物，包括氨基酸、脂肪酸、生物胺、嘌呤和嘧啶代谢物以及排泄代谢物。层次聚类分析区分出五个代谢物簇。主成分 - 典型变量分析清晰地区分了未配对和配对的雌性与雄性；配对后两性图谱变化呈现相似趋势；并且雄性在配对后有显著变化。我们讨论了代谢组学响应的三种主要模式：性别间的差异；对配对干扰的反应性响应；以及雄性对配对干扰的趋同响应。雌性通常具有较高浓度的参与代谢率、能量储存动员和应激的代谢物。对配对干扰的反应也与应激升高有关。雌性正在动员脂质储存以沉积卵黄，而雄性对配对有快速而强烈的反应，与性腺发育和通讯相关的代谢物发生变化，这表明雄性只有与雌性交配后才能完成生殖准备。这些代谢组学图谱支持了先前提出的关于光滑螯虾在野外取代毛螯虾的潜在机制，并确定了几个生物标志物，用于使用靶向代谢组学来检验有关繁殖成功的假设。
