Ghodrati Maryam, Walton David M, MacDermid Joy C
Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2021 Apr 9;2(1):87-96. doi: 10.1089/whr.2020.0109. eCollection 2021.
While sex- or gender-based differences in pain expression have been documented, exploration of traditionally genderized traits on pain has been hampered by the lack of strong measurement tools. This study evaluated the structural validity of a 16-item "Gender personality traits" subscale of a recently developed Gender, Pain and Expectations Scale (GPES). Data were drawn from an existing database of 248 participants (65.7% female). Maximum likelihood-based confirmatory factor analysis was carried out while considering the conceptual meaningfulness of subscales to evaluate the factor structure identified by these traits. Construct validity was explored using hypotheses regarding anticipated mean differences in scores between biological male and female participants. A meaningful factor structure could not be defined with all 16 items. Through conceptual and statistical triangulation a three-factor structure informed by 10 items was identified that satisfied acceptable fit criteria. The factors were termed "Emotive," "Relationship-Oriented," and "Goal-Oriented." Evidence of construct validity was supported through significant sex-based differences ( ≤ 0.02) in the expected directions for all three subscales. Review of the items in the three factors led the researchers to endorse a move away from naming these "masculine" and "feminine," rather focusing on the nature of the traits: "Relationship-oriented," "Emotive," and "Goal-oriented." Implications for researchers conducting sex/gender-based pain research are discussed. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT02711085.
虽然疼痛表达中基于性别的差异已有文献记载，但由于缺乏强大的测量工具，对传统上与性别相关的特质对疼痛的影响的探索受到了阻碍。本研究评估了最近开发的性别、疼痛与期望量表（GPES）中一个包含16个条目的“性别性格特质”子量表的结构效度。数据来自一个包含248名参与者（65.7%为女性）的现有数据库。在考虑子量表概念意义的同时，进行了基于最大似然法的验证性因素分析，以评估这些特质所确定的因素结构。通过关于生物学上男性和女性参与者得分预期平均差异的假设来探索结构效度。无法用所有16个条目定义一个有意义的因素结构。通过概念和统计的三角验证，确定了一个由10个条目构成的三因素结构，该结构满足可接受的拟合标准。这些因素被称为“情感型”、“关系导向型”和“目标导向型”。所有三个子量表在预期方向上基于性别的显著差异（≤0.02）支持了结构效度的证据。对这三个因素中条目的审查使研究人员认可不再将这些因素命名为“男性化”和“女性化”，而是关注特质的本质：“关系导向型”、“情感型”和“目标导向型”。讨论了对进行基于性别的疼痛研究的研究人员的启示。临床试验注册号：NCT02711085。
