School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Tissue Cell. 2021 Oct;72:101543. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101543. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Exercise during pregnancy has been shown to be associated with improved health outcomes both during and after pregnancy for mother and fetus across the lifespan. Increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour during pregnancy have been recommended by many researchers and clinicians-alike. It is thought that the placenta plays a central role in mediating any positive or negative pregnancy outcomes. The positive outcomes obtained through prenatal exercise are postulated to result from exercise-induced regulation of maternal physiology and placental development. Considerable research has been performed to understand the placenta's role in pregnancy-related diseases, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus. However, little research has examined the potential for healthy lifestyle and behavioural changes to improve placental growth, development, and function. While the placenta represents the critical maternal-fetal interface responsible for all gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between the mother and fetus, the impact of exercise during pregnancy on placental biology and function is not well known. This review will focus on prenatal exercise and its promising influence on the structures of the maternal-fetal interface, with particular emphasis on the placenta. Potential molecular mechanistic hypotheses are presented to aid future investigations of prenatal exercise and placental health.
怀孕期间的运动已被证明与母亲和胎儿在整个生命周期中的健康结果有关，无论是在怀孕期间还是之后。许多研究人员和临床医生都建议增加怀孕期间的身体活动量并减少久坐行为。人们认为胎盘在介导任何积极或消极的妊娠结果方面起着核心作用。通过产前运动获得的积极结果被认为是由于运动引起的母体生理学和胎盘发育的调节所致。已经进行了大量研究来了解胎盘在与妊娠相关的疾病（例如先兆子痫、胎儿生长受限和妊娠糖尿病）中的作用。然而，很少有研究探讨健康的生活方式和行为改变是否可以改善胎盘的生长、发育和功能。虽然胎盘代表了负责母亲和胎儿之间所有气体、营养和废物交换的关键母体-胎儿界面，但怀孕期间运动对胎盘生物学和功能的影响尚不清楚。本综述将重点介绍产前运动及其对母体-胎儿界面结构的潜在有益影响，特别强调胎盘。提出了潜在的分子机制假说，以帮助未来对产前运动和胎盘健康的研究。
