University of Teesside, Department of Science, Middlesbrough, UK.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Aug;128(4):1607-1622. doi: 10.1177/00315125211013251. Epub 2021 May 3.
A growing body of research has addressed the application of movement-based biofeedback techniques for improving sports performers' gross motor skills. Unlike in previous research, we aimed in this study to quantify the effects of this "external" biofeedback on selected performance and technique variables for the boxing jab among both novices and experts. The technical setup included two inertial measurement units linked wirelessly to a video game system with audio output. The units were configured to provide auditory external biofeedback, based on the peak acceleration of the bag (i.e., biofeedback with an external attentional focus). Sixteen participants (8 novices and 8 experts) performed boxing jabs against the bag in blocked phases of biofeedback. When compared to baseline, the acute effects of externally focused biofeedback on peak bag acceleration were possibly positive in both retention phases for novices (d = 0.29; d = 0.41) and likely positive for experts (d = 0.41; d = 0.30), respectively. The experts' performance improvements were accompanied by substantive increases in trunk rotation, though this was not true for the novices. Thus, technique improvements can be promoted indirectly via externally focused biofeedback, but only when these actions are within the performers' motor repertoire. Overall, biofeedback via inertial sensors appears to be a potent technique for modifying human movement patterns in both experts and novices. This low-cost technology could be used to support training across sports, rehabilitation and human-computer interactions.
越来越多的研究已经探讨了运动生物反馈技术在提高运动员总体运动技能中的应用。与以往的研究不同，本研究旨在量化这种“外部”生物反馈对新手和专家拳击刺拳的某些表现和技术变量的影响。技术设置包括两个惯性测量单元，通过无线连接到具有音频输出的视频游戏系统。这些单元被配置为基于沙袋的峰值加速度（即，具有外部注意力焦点的生物反馈）提供听觉外部生物反馈。16 名参与者（8 名新手和 8 名专家）在生物反馈的分块阶段中用拳击刺拳击打沙袋。与基线相比，外部焦点生物反馈对新手在保留阶段的峰值袋加速度的急性影响可能是积极的（d=0.29；d=0.41），而对专家的影响可能是积极的（d=0.41；d=0.30）。专家的表现提高伴随着躯干旋转的实质性增加，尽管新手并非如此。因此，通过外部焦点生物反馈可以间接地促进技术改进，但前提是这些动作在表演者的运动范围内。总体而言，通过惯性传感器进行生物反馈似乎是一种有效的技术，可以在专家和新手之间改变人类的运动模式。这种低成本技术可用于支持跨运动、康复和人机交互的训练。
