Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Psychology B Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500, USA.
Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2021 Sep 30;16(10):1048-1056. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsab055.
An aberrant neural response to rewards has been linked to both depression and social anxiety. Most studies have focused on the neural response to monetary rewards, and few have tested different modalities of reward (e.g. social) that are more salient to particular forms of psychopathology. In addition, most studies contain critical confounds, including contrasting positive and negative feedback and failing to disentangle being correct from obtaining positive feedback. In the present study, 204 participants underwent electroencephalography during monetary and social feedback tasks that were matched in trial structure, timing and feedback stimuli. The reward positivity (RewP) was measured in response to correctly identifying stimuli that resulted in monetary win, monetary loss, social like or social dislike feedback. All monetary and social tasks elicited a RewP, which were positively correlated. Across all tasks, the RewP was negatively associated with depression and positively associated with social anxiety. The RewP to social dislike feedback, independent of monetary and social like feedback, was also associated with social anxiety. The present study suggests that a domain-general neural response to correct feedback demonstrates a differential association with depression and social anxiety, but a domain-specific neural response to social dislike feedback is uniquely associated with social anxiety.
异常的奖励神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑都有关。大多数研究都集中在对金钱奖励的神经反应上，很少有研究测试对特定形式的精神病理学更突出的不同奖励模式（例如社交）。此外，大多数研究都存在关键的混淆因素，包括对比正反馈和负反馈，以及无法从获得正反馈中区分正确。在本研究中，204 名参与者在金钱和社交反馈任务中接受了脑电图检查，这些任务在试验结构、时间和反馈刺激方面是匹配的。在正确识别导致金钱赢、金钱输、社交喜欢或社交不喜欢反馈的刺激时，测量了奖励正波（RewP）。所有的金钱和社交任务都引发了 RewP，它们是正相关的。在所有任务中，RewP 与抑郁呈负相关，与社交焦虑呈正相关。社交不喜欢反馈的 RewP，与金钱和社交喜欢反馈无关，也与社交焦虑有关。本研究表明，对正确反馈的一般领域神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑呈不同的关联，但对社交不喜欢反馈的特定领域神经反应与社交焦虑具有独特的关联。
