青少年社交焦虑中的多巴胺功能：来自神经黑色素敏感磁共振成像的见解
Dopamine function in adolescent social anxiety: Insights from neuromelanin-sensitive MRI.
作者信息
Calderaro Margherita L, Cunningham Ronan M, Quarmley Megan, Clarkson Tessa, Schmidt Helen, Cassidy Clifford M, Jarcho Johanna M
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
出版信息
J Mood Anxiety Disord. 2025 Apr 23;11:100124. doi: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2025.100124. eCollection 2025 Sep.
BACKGROUND
Social anxiety typically onsets in adolescence as salience of peer feedback increases. While dopamine system function has been linked to social anxiety, such mechanisms are rarely tested in youth due to the invasiveness of traditional methods. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI), a non-invasive proxy measure of central dopamine system function in the substantia nigra (SN), offers a novel approach.
METHODS
Adolescents (N = 43; M = 12.40 ± 1.45 years) with varying levels of social anxiety underwent NM-MRI. Relations between NM signal intensity in SN and symptom severity were assessed. Effect specificity was tested with generalized anxiety symptoms.
RESULTS
Higher NM signal intensity was associated with more severe symptoms of social (p = .03) but not generalized anxiety (p = .93).
DISCUSSION
These preliminary results suggest specificity for neural mechanisms associated with adolescent social and generalized anxiety and provide a new avenue for testing symptom etiology and developing targeted treatment.
背景
随着同伴反馈的重要性增加，社交焦虑通常在青春期发作。虽然多巴胺系统功能与社交焦虑有关，但由于传统方法具有侵入性，此类机制在青少年中很少得到测试。黑质中脑黑质敏感磁共振成像（NM-MRI）是一种用于测量中枢多巴胺系统功能的非侵入性替代方法，提供了一种新途径。
方法
对社交焦虑水平不同的青少年（N = 43；平均年龄M = 12.40 ± 1.45岁）进行了NM-MRI检查。评估了黑质中NM信号强度与症状严重程度之间的关系。使用广泛性焦虑症状测试了效应特异性。
结果
较高的NM信号强度与更严重的社交焦虑症状相关（p = 0.03），但与广泛性焦虑无关（p = 0.93）。
讨论
这些初步结果表明了与青少年社交焦虑和广泛性焦虑相关的神经机制的特异性，并为测试症状病因和开发针对性治疗提供了新途径。
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