Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago de Chile.
Psychology Department, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago de Chile.
Int J Psychoanal. 2020 Jun;101(3):496-522. doi: 10.1080/00207578.2020.1726711. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
In 100 years of clinical research and 40 years of empirical research, the concept of psychoanalytic process continues to elude a consensual definition, probably because the problem and methodology must be approached in a different way. This article outlines the empirical implications of the epistemological model exposed in a previous article, by proposing a scientific, innovative, and clinically sensitive research programme for the study of psychoanalytic process. This proposal is an attempt at developing psychotherapy research that is founded on psychoanalytic hypotheses derived from a two-person psychology. The research programme focuses on the interactional nature of the analytical work, and on the relationship between the implicit (unconscious) and the explicit (conscious) levels of the analytic endeavour. The authors propose that this research programme be articulated around three methodological approaches: (1) the use of systematic case studies; (2) the adoption of the events paradigm for accessing the salient phenomena of the psychoanalytic process; and (3) a micro-analytic approach to the specific phenomena occurring within relevant sequences of interaction. These ideas are illustrated with a description of the micro-analysis of a clinical case. This article is intended to contribute to a constructive dialogue between psychoanalytic practice and psychotherapy research.
在 100 年的临床研究和 40 年的实证研究中，精神分析过程的概念仍然难以达成共识的定义，可能是因为问题和方法必须以不同的方式来处理。本文通过提出一个科学的、创新的和临床敏感的研究方案，来概述前一篇文章中所揭示的认识论模型的实证意义，以研究精神分析过程。这个建议是在从两个人的心理学中得出的精神分析假设的基础上，尝试发展心理治疗研究。研究方案侧重于分析工作的互动性质，以及分析工作的隐含（无意识）和显在（意识）层面之间的关系。作者建议，这个研究方案围绕三种方法来展开：（1）系统案例研究的应用；（2）采用事件范式来获取精神分析过程中的显著现象；（3）对相关互动序列中出现的特定现象进行微观分析。通过对一个临床案例的微观分析来说明这些想法。本文旨在为精神分析实践和心理治疗研究之间的建设性对话做出贡献。
