Marković Marija, Trifunović Momčilov Milana, Uzelac Branka, Jevremović Slađana, Subotić Angelina
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Apr 30;10(5):902. doi: 10.3390/plants10050902.
In ornamental geophytes, conventional vegetative propagation is not economically feasible due to very slow development and ineffective methods. It can take several years until a new plant is formed and commercial profitability is achieved. Therefore, micropropagation techniques have been developed to increase the multiplication rate and thus shorten the multiplication and regeneration period. The majority of these techniques rely on the formation of new bulbs and their sprouting. Dormancy is one of the main limiting factors to speed up multiplication in vitro. Bulbous species have a period of bulb dormancy which enables them to survive unfavorable natural conditions. Bulbs grown in vitro also exhibit dormancy, which has to be overcome in order to allow sprouting of bulbs in the next vegetation period. During the period of dormancy, numerous physiological processes occur, many of which have not been elucidated yet. Understanding the process of dormancy will allow us to speed up and improve breeding of geophytes and thereby achieve economic profitability, which is very important for horticulture. This review focuses on recent findings in the area of bulb dormancy initiation and release in fritillaries, with particular emphasis on the effect of plant growth regulators and low-temperature pretreatment on dormancy release in relation to induction of antioxidative enzymes' activity in vitro.
在观赏球根植物中，由于发育非常缓慢且方法低效，传统的营养繁殖在经济上不可行。可能需要数年时间才能形成新植株并实现商业盈利。因此，已开发出微繁殖技术以提高繁殖率，从而缩短繁殖和再生周期。这些技术大多依赖于新球茎的形成及其发芽。休眠是加速体外繁殖的主要限制因素之一。球根植物有一段球茎休眠期，这使它们能够在不利的自然条件下存活。在体外培养的球茎也表现出休眠，为了使球茎在下一个生长季节发芽，必须克服这种休眠。在休眠期会发生许多生理过程，其中许多过程尚未阐明。了解休眠过程将使我们能够加速和改进球根植物的育种，从而实现经济盈利，这对园艺业非常重要。本综述重点关注贝母属植物球茎休眠起始和解除领域的最新研究成果，特别强调植物生长调节剂和低温预处理对休眠解除的影响，以及与体外抗氧化酶活性诱导的关系。
