Doggui Radhouene, Al-Jawaldeh Hanin, El Ati Jalila, Barham Rawhieh, Nasreddine Lara, Alqaoud Nawal, Aguenaou Hassan, El Ammari Laila, Jabbour Jana, Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub
Department of Family Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 30;13(5):1515. doi: 10.3390/nu13051515.
The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is experiencing a nutrition transition, characterized by the emergence of overnutrition and micro-nutrient deficiencies. No previous study has comparatively examined nutrient intake in adults across countries in the EMR. This review examined the adequacy of nutrients in adults living in the EMR. Moreover, it analyzed the food balance sheets (FBS) for 1961-2018 to identify the trajectory of energy supply from macro-nutrients in the EMR. A systematic search was conducted from January 2012 to September 2020. Only observational studies were retained with a random sampling design. An assessment of the methodological quality was conducted. Levels of nutrient daily intake and their adequacy compared to the daily reference intake of the Institute of Medicine were reported across the region. No studies were identified for half of the region's countries. Although nutrient energy intake was satisfactory overall, fat and carbohydrate intake were high. Intake of vitamin D, calcium, potassium, zinc, and magnesium were below that recommended. The analysis of the FBS data allowed for the identification of four linear patterns of trajectories, with countries in the EMR best fitting the '' group. This systematic review warrants multi-sectorial commitment to optimize nutrient intake.
东地中海区域（EMR）正在经历营养转型，其特点是出现了营养过剩和微量营养素缺乏的情况。此前尚无研究对东地中海区域各国成年人的营养摄入情况进行比较分析。本综述研究了东地中海区域成年人营养摄入的充足性。此外，还分析了1961年至2018年的食物平衡表（FBS），以确定东地中海区域宏量营养素能量供应的变化轨迹。于2012年1月至2020年9月进行了系统检索。仅保留采用随机抽样设计的观察性研究。对方法学质量进行了评估。报告了该区域各国营养素每日摄入量水平及其与美国医学研究所每日参考摄入量相比的充足性情况。该区域一半国家未检索到相关研究。虽然总体营养能量摄入情况令人满意，但脂肪和碳水化合物摄入量较高。维生素D、钙、钾、锌和镁的摄入量低于推荐水平。对食物平衡表数据的分析确定了四种线性变化模式，东地中海区域各国最符合“ ”组。本系统综述表明需要多部门共同努力以优化营养摄入。
