青春期前训练对犬类行为影响的调查
An Investigation into the Impact of Pre-Adolescent Training on Canine Behavior.
作者信息
Dinwoodie Ian R, Zottola Vivian, Dodman Nicholas H
机构信息
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Center for Canine Behavior Studies, Salisbury, CT 06068, USA.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 30;11(5):1298. doi: 10.3390/ani11051298.
An online survey about puppy training was sent to members of the Center for Canine Behavior Studies and posted on our social media platforms. Six hundred forty-one (641) qualifying owners provided information on 1023 dogs. About half (48%) of the dogs involved in the study attended puppy training and the balance (52%) did not. The goal of the study was to find out whether puppy training at various ages (1-3 months, 4 months, 5-6 months) helped prevent behavior problems later in life (≥1 year). Attending training at 6 months of age or younger resulted in 0.71 the odds of developing aggressive behavior (95% CI: 0.53-0.97; = 0.030), 0.64 the odds of having a compulsive behavior (95% CI: 0.45-0.92; = 0.015), 0.60 the odds of exhibiting destructive behavior (95% CI: 0.37-0.96; = 0.035), 0.68 the odds of excessive barking (95% CI: 0.47-0.99; = 0.043), and 1.56 the odds of house soiling (95% CI: 1.08-2.27; = 0.019). Ancillary findings about the entire study population were that dogs acquired at 12 weeks of age or younger were found to have 0.65 the odds of fear/anxiety (95% CI: 0.46-0.92; = 0.016) and 0.50 the odds of exhibiting destructive behavior (95% CI: 0.31-0.79; = 0.003). In addition, male dogs were found to have 0.68 the odds of developing aggressive behavior (95% CI: 0.53-0.88; = 0.003), 0.66 the odds of developing compulsive behavior (95% CI: 0.49-0.88; = 0.006), 0.37 the odds of mounting/humping (95% CI: 0.26-0.52; < 0.001), and 1.53 the odds of rolling in repulsive materials (95% CI: 1.18-1.97; = 0.001). Neutered dogs of either sex were found to have 3.10 the odds of fear/anxiety (95% CI: 2.05-4.72; < 0.001), 1.97 the odds of escaping/running away (95% CI: 1.12-3.69; = 0.025), 2.01 the odds of exhibiting coprophagia (95% CI 1.30-3.19; = 0.002), and 1.72 the odds of rolling in repulsive materials (95% CI: 1.12-2.66; = 0.014). The odds of problematic jumping deceased by 0.84 for each 1-year increase in age (95% CI: 0.80-0.88; < 0.001).
一项关于幼犬训练的在线调查被发送给犬类行为研究中心的成员，并发布在我们的社交媒体平台上。641名符合条件的主人提供了1023只狗的信息。参与研究的狗中约一半（48%）参加了幼犬训练，其余（52%）没有参加。该研究的目的是了解在不同年龄（1 - 3个月、4个月、5 - 6个月）进行幼犬训练是否有助于预防日后生活中（≥1岁）出现行为问题。在6个月龄及以下参加训练的狗出现攻击性行为的几率为0.71（95%置信区间：0.53 - 0.97；P = 0.030），出现强迫行为的几率为0.64（95%置信区间：0.45 - 0.92；P = 0.015），出现破坏性行为的几率为0.60（95%置信区间：0.37 - 0.96；P = 0.035），过度吠叫的几率为0.68（95%置信区间：0.47 - 0.99；P = 0.043），在家里弄脏的几率为1.56（95%置信区间：1.08 - 2.27；P = 0.019）。关于整个研究群体的辅助性发现是，12周龄及以下获得的狗出现恐惧/焦虑的几率为0.65（95%置信区间：0.46 - 0.92；P = 0.016），出现破坏性行为的几率为0.50（95%置信区间：0.31 - 0.79；P = 0.003）。此外，发现雄性狗出现攻击性行为的几率为0.68（95%置信区间：0.53 - 0.88；P = 0.003），出现强迫行为的几率为0.66（95%置信区间：0.49 - 0.88；P = 0.006），骑跨/蹭的几率为0.37（95%置信区间：0.26 - 0.52；P < 0.001），在令人厌恶的材料上打滚的几率为1.53（95%置信区间：1.18 - 1.97；P = 0.001）。发现无论雌雄，绝育的狗出现恐惧/焦虑的几率为3.10（95%置信区间：2.05 - 4.72；P < 0.001），逃跑/逃离的几率为1.97（95%置信区间：1.12 - 3.69；P = 0.025），出现食粪症的几率为2.01（95%置信区间1.30 - 3.19；P = 0.002），在令人厌恶的材料上打滚的几率为1.72（95%置信区间：1.12 - 2.66；P = 0.014）。问题性跳跃的几率随着年龄每增加1岁而降低0.84（95%置信区间：0.80 - 0.88；P < 0.001）。
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