Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2022 Apr;13(2):204-211. doi: 10.1017/S2040174421000209. Epub 2021 May 5.
Maternal exercise has shown beneficial effects on mother and child. Literature confirm progeny's cognition improvement, and upregulation in neurotrophins, antioxidant network, and DNA repair system. Considering that there is a lack of information demonstrating the impact of maternal exercise on offspring's skeletal muscle, we aimed to investigate the mitochondrial and redox effects elicited by maternal swimming. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control sedentary, free swimming, and swimming with overload (2% of the body weight). Exercised groups were submitted weekly to five swimming sessions (30 min/day), starting 1 week prior to the mating and lasting to the delivery. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle from 60-day-old offspring were analyzed. Our results clearly showed a sex-dependent effect. Male soleus showed increased mitochondrial functionality in the overload group. Female muscle from the overload group adapted deeply. Considering the redox status, the female offspring delivered to overload exercised dams presented reduced oxidants levels and protein damage, allied to downregulated antioxidant defenses. We also observed an increase in the mitochondrial function in the gastrocnemius muscle of the female offspring born from overload exercised dams. Soleus from female delivered to the overload exercise group presented reduced mitochondrial activity, as well as reduced reactive species, protein carbonyls, and antioxidant network, when compared to the male. In conclusion, maternal exercise altered the redox status and mitochondrial function in the offspring's skeletal muscle in a sex-dependent way. The clinical implication was not investigated; however, the sexual dimorphism in response to maternal exercise might impact exercise resilience in adulthood.
母亲运动对母亲和孩子都有有益的影响。文献证实，后代的认知能力得到提高，神经营养因子、抗氧化网络和 DNA 修复系统的表达上调。考虑到缺乏信息表明母体运动对后代骨骼肌的影响，我们旨在研究母体游泳引起的线粒体和氧化还原效应。成年雌性 Wistar 大鼠分为三组：对照组（久坐）、自由游泳组和负重游泳组（体重的 2%）。运动组每周进行 5 次游泳（每次 30 分钟），从交配前一周开始，一直持续到分娩。分析 60 日龄后代的比目鱼肌和跖肌。我们的结果清楚地显示了性别依赖性效应。雄性跖肌在超负荷组中线粒体功能增强。超负荷组的雌性肌肉适应性很强。考虑到氧化还原状态，来自负重运动母鼠的雌性后代的肌肉中氧化剂水平和蛋白质损伤降低，同时抗氧化防御能力下调。我们还观察到来自超重运动母鼠的雌性后代的腓肠肌中线粒体功能增加。与雄性相比，来自超重运动组的雌性比目鱼肌的线粒体活性降低，同时活性物质、蛋白质羰基和抗氧化网络减少。总之，母体运动以性别依赖的方式改变了后代骨骼肌的氧化还原状态和线粒体功能。尚未研究临床意义；然而，母体运动对性别的反应的性别二态性可能会影响成年后的运动弹性。
