Gisel E G
School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Am J Occup Ther. 1988 Jun;42(6):378-83. doi: 10.5014/ajot.42.6.378.
Normative data on skills of the tongue used in eating are presented. Normal children 5 to 8 years old were studied regarding their preference of placing food either on the right or left side of the mouth when starting to eat. A developmental curve spanning 2 to 8 years was generated by including data from an earlier study. Data of oral side preference were correlated with data of preferred hand use. In addition, the ability to move a small piece of food from one side of the mouth to the other was studied. It was found that normal children undergo a transition from placing solid food predominantly on the right side at 2 years of age to placing it on the left side at 4 years of age. The left side preference persists until at least 8 years of age for both viscous and solid food textures. Oral side preference did not correlate with hand preference. The ability to move food from one side of the mouth to the other (lateralizing) was found to undergo a developmental progression: The inability to lateralize in a third of 2-year-olds gave way to rolling movements. Concomitantly, a consistent increase in slow and then smooth movements was found to occur from 2 to 8 years of age. These data provide the clinician with a normative baseline against which eating-impaired children can be compared.
本文呈现了进食时舌头使用技巧的规范性数据。研究了5至8岁的正常儿童在开始进食时将食物放在口腔右侧或左侧的偏好。通过纳入早期研究的数据，生成了一条涵盖2至8岁的发育曲线。口腔侧偏好数据与优势手使用数据相关联。此外，还研究了将一小片食物从口腔一侧移动到另一侧的能力。结果发现，正常儿童经历了从2岁时主要将固体食物放在右侧到4岁时放在左侧的转变。对于粘性和固体食物质地，左侧偏好至少持续到8岁。口腔侧偏好与手偏好无关。将食物从口腔一侧移动到另一侧（侧向移动）的能力经历了一个发育过程：三分之一的2岁儿童无法进行侧向移动，随后出现滚动动作。同时，从2岁到8岁，缓慢然后平稳的动作持续增加。这些数据为临床医生提供了一个规范性基线，可据此对进食障碍儿童进行比较。
