Gisel E G, Schwaab L, Lange-Stemmler L, Niman C W, Schwartz J L
Am J Occup Ther. 1986 Apr;40(4):265-70. doi: 10.5014/ajot.40.4.265.
Normative data on skills of the tongue used in eating are presented. Normal children 2 to 5 years old were studied regarding their preference of placing food either on the right or left side when eating, and they were compared with age-matched Down's syndrome children. In addition, the ability to move food from the right to the left side of the mouth was studied. Normal children underwent a transition from predominantly placing food on the right side at 2 years of age to predominantly placing it on the left side at 4 years of age. Among Down's syndrome children females preferred the right side, and males preferred the left side. The ability to move food from right to left (lateralizing) undergoes a developmental progression from tilting the head to rolling, followed by slow and eventually by smooth movement from one side to the other. Only 15% of the 5-year-olds were able to move food smoothly from side to side. These data provide a baseline against which children with eating problems can be compared.
本文给出了进食时舌头使用技能的规范数据。研究了2至5岁正常儿童进食时将食物放在右侧或左侧的偏好，并与年龄匹配的唐氏综合征儿童进行了比较。此外，还研究了将食物从口腔右侧移至左侧的能力。正常儿童在2岁时主要将食物放在右侧，到4岁时主要放在左侧。在唐氏综合征儿童中，女性偏好右侧，男性偏好左侧。将食物从右向左移动（向侧方移动）的能力经历了从头部倾斜到滚动的发育过程，随后是缓慢移动，最终发展为从一侧到另一侧的平稳移动。在5岁儿童中，只有15%的人能够平稳地将食物从一侧移到另一侧。这些数据提供了一个基线，可用于与有进食问题的儿童进行比较。
