Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2021 Jul;21(7):561-567. doi: 10.1111/ggi.14175. Epub 2021 May 4.
The aim of this study was to examine the ability of a group-based multi-component psycho-educational intervention (GMC-PEI) to reduce depression, and improve caregiving appraisals, coping skills of informal caregivers and the condition of people with dementia.
In this randomized controlled and blinded trial, we enrolled 54 informal caregivers of people with dementia visiting the Japan National Center of Geriatrics and Gerontology, and divided them into GMC-PEI and control groups. The intervention group received a 12-week GMC-PEI program that included six 2-h structured sessions to enhance their knowledge of dementia, caregiving skills and coping skills. The control group received leaflets containing information about dementia. We evaluated caregivers' depression, caregiving time, subjective burden, caregiving appraisal and care coping skills. We also evaluated people with dementia at baseline and 12 weeks, and reassessed 20 participants from the intervention group at 24 and 48 weeks.
The GMC-PEI significantly improved depression, positive appraisals of fulfillment in caregiving, affection for care recipients, self-growth and coping skills, such as seeking formal support. Depression, fulfillment and affection for people with dementia showed a peak improvement at 24 weeks; formal support-seeking showed a linear improvement throughout the 48-week follow-up period.
The group-based multi-component psycho-educational intervention reduced depression, improved self-appraisal and enhanced coping skills in caregivers. However, emotional enhancements dissipated sooner than support-seeking skills, suggesting that caregivers should be reviewed every 12-24 weeks. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 561-567.
本研究旨在考察基于小组的多组分心理教育干预（GMC-PEI）对减轻抑郁、改善照料者的照护评估、应对技能以及痴呆患者状况的能力。
在这项随机对照、盲法试验中，我们纳入了 54 名正在日本老年医学与老年学国家中心就诊的痴呆患者的非正式照料者，并将他们分为 GMC-PEI 组和对照组。干预组接受为期 12 周的 GMC-PEI 方案，包括 6 次 2 小时的结构化课程，以增强他们对痴呆症、照护技能和应对技能的了解。对照组接受载有痴呆症信息的活页。我们评估了照料者的抑郁、照护时间、主观负担、照护评估和照护应对技能。我们还在基线和 12 周时评估了痴呆患者，并在 24 和 48 周时重新评估了干预组的 20 名参与者。
GMC-PEI 显著改善了抑郁、对照护的满足感、对照护对象的感情、自我成长和寻求正式支持等应对技能。抑郁、满足感和对痴呆患者的感情在 24 周时改善最为显著；寻求正式支持的技能则在整个 48 周随访期间呈线性改善。
基于小组的多组分心理教育干预可减轻抑郁、改善照料者的自我评估并增强应对技能。然而，情感提升的效果比寻求支持的技能消散得更快，这表明应每 12-24 周对照料者进行评估。
