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该群体在灾难面前的脆弱性:特朗普2016年大选背后的基本假设与工作群体心态

The Group's Vulnerability to Disaster: Basic Assumption and Work Group Mentalities Underlying Trump's 2016 Election.

作者信息

Chrzanowski Conrad Stephen

机构信息

Private practice.

出版信息

Int J Psychoanal. 2019 Aug;100(4):711-731. doi: 10.1080/00207578.2019.1591159.

Abstract

Donald Trump's improbable political rise and unexpected capture of the US presidency during the 2016 presidential election is framed within Wilfred Bion's (1961) theory of groups. Bion's concepts of basic assumption phenomena, the group as a part-object mother's body, the function of specialized work groups, and the roles of introjective and projective identification are explored and elaborated upon in the context of the relation between Trump and his supporters and detractors. Basic assumption phenomena were activated in both groups as each defended against psychotic anxieties tied to work group activity and other threatening aspects of group experience. Trump-as-leader emerged through a neglect of projective identification due to both supporters' and detractors' regressive and dissociative tendencies as they relate predominantly to pairing group activity.

摘要

唐纳德·特朗普在2016年总统选举中出人意料地崛起并意外赢得美国总统宝座,这一事件可依据威尔弗雷德·比昂(1961年)的群体理论来解读。本文在特朗普与其支持者及诋毁者之间的关系背景下,探讨并阐述了比昂的基本假设现象、群体作为部分客体之母的身体、专业工作群体的功能以及内摄性认同和投射性认同的作用等概念。在这两个群体中,基本假设现象均被激活,因为各方都在防御与工作群体活动及群体经历中其他威胁性方面相关的精神病态焦虑。由于支持者和诋毁者在主要与配对群体活动相关时呈现出退行和解离倾向,忽视了投射性认同,于是特朗普作为领导者应运而生。

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