College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 5;11(1):9589. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89109-3.
Fusarium wilt in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF), which reduces the yield of crop. We used greenhouse, field and laboratory experiments to evaluate the role of organic acids in the occurrence of Fusarium wilt of faba bean to confirm the mechanism of rational application of nitrogen (N) and intercropping to alleviate Fusarium wilt. We investigated the response of organic acids exuded from the roots of faba bean to different N levels and cropping patterns (monocropping and intercropping with wheat). The results showed that the application of N and intercropping with wheat could control the Fusarium wilt of faba bean, which was closely related to the components and quantity of organic acids exuded from its roots. Among them, tartaric acid and malic acid are the most abundant and important, because they have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of FOF and substantially aid in the control of Fusarium wilt. The application of 90 kg ha of N combined with wheat intercropping significantly controlled the Fusarium wilt and increased the grain yield of faba bean. Our results suggest that 90 kg ha of N combined with intercropping is the most effective way to control Fusarium wilt and should be incorporated into agricultural management practices.
蚕豆枯萎病由尖孢镰刀菌蚕豆专化型（FOF）引起，可降低作物产量。我们采用温室、田间和实验室试验评估了有机酸在蚕豆枯萎病发生中的作用，以证实合理应用氮肥和间作对减轻蚕豆枯萎病的机制。我们研究了蚕豆根系分泌的有机酸对不同氮水平和种植方式（单作和与小麦间作）的响应。结果表明，氮的应用和与小麦间作对蚕豆枯萎病有控制作用，这与蚕豆根系分泌的有机酸的组成和数量密切相关。其中，酒石酸和苹果酸含量最丰富且最重要，因为它们对 FOF 的生长和繁殖有显著的抑制作用，对控制枯萎病有很大帮助。施用量为 90kg/公顷的氮结合小麦间作可显著控制枯萎病并提高蚕豆的籽粒产量。我们的研究结果表明，施用量为 90kg/公顷的氮结合间作对控制枯萎病最有效，应纳入农业管理实践中。
