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不同降雨条件下中国东部黄土高原植被覆盖和坡度对土壤侵蚀的影响

Effects of vegetation cover and slope on soil erosion in the Eastern Chinese Loess Plateau under different rainfall regimes.

作者信息

Sun Congjian, Hou Huixin, Chen Wei

机构信息

School of Geographical Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, China.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2021 Apr 12;9:e11226. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11226. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.7717/peerj.11226
PMID:33954047
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8048402/
Abstract

Soil erosion is a critical environmental problem of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). The effects of vegetation cover on soil erosion reduction under different rainfall types are not well understood especially in the eastern Chinese Loess Plateau (ECLP). In this study, we monitored runoff and sediment yield at the Fengjiagou water and soil conservation station with five types of vegetation cover (arbor trees (ARC), shrubs (SHC), arable (ABC), natural vegetation (NVC), and artificial grass (APC)) and three slope gradients (10°, 15°, and 20°) in the ECLP. Based on long-term monitoring data, five rainfall types were classified by the maximum 30 min rainfall intensity (I30). We also quantitatively revealed the interactive effects of different types precipitation, vegetation cover and slope gradients on regional soil erosion. The results showed that (1) The RII (13 times) and RIII (eight times) type are the most threatening erosive rainfall in this region. (2) The ARC and SHC type were most beneficial for soil and water conservation in the ECLP; The APC and ABC are not conductive to the prevention of regional soil erosion. (3) Runoff and sediment yields increased with the slope gradient. The farmland is vulnerable to soil erosion when the slope gradient exceeds 10°. The results of this study can improve the understanding of regional soil erosion processes on the ECLP and provide useful information for managing regional water and land resources.

摘要

土壤侵蚀是中国黄土高原的一个关键环境问题。特别是在中国东部黄土高原（ECLP），不同降雨类型下植被覆盖对减少土壤侵蚀的影响尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们在中国东部黄土高原的冯家山水土保持站，对五种植被覆盖类型（乔木（ARC）、灌木（SHC）、耕地（ABC）、自然植被（NVC）和人工草地（APC））以及三个坡度梯度（10°、15°和20°）的径流和产沙量进行了监测。基于长期监测数据，根据最大30分钟降雨强度（I30）对五种降雨类型进行了分类。我们还定量揭示了不同类型降水、植被覆盖和坡度梯度对区域土壤侵蚀的交互作用。结果表明：（1）RII型（13次）和RIII型（8次）是该地区最具威胁性的侵蚀性降雨。（2） ARC和SHC类型对中国东部黄土高原的水土保持最为有利；APC和ABC不利于区域土壤侵蚀的防治。（3） 径流和产沙量随坡度梯度增加。当坡度梯度超过10°时，农田易发生土壤侵蚀。本研究结果有助于加深对中国东部黄土高原区域土壤侵蚀过程的理解，并为区域水土资源管理提供有用信息。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/1386444b0c11/peerj-09-11226-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/23d6432d92a9/peerj-09-11226-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/ee547fe75940/peerj-09-11226-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/3924fc899eec/peerj-09-11226-g003.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/3e5281d1b31b/peerj-09-11226-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/1386444b0c11/peerj-09-11226-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/23d6432d92a9/peerj-09-11226-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/ee547fe75940/peerj-09-11226-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/3924fc899eec/peerj-09-11226-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/fdcefc417db0/peerj-09-11226-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/3e5281d1b31b/peerj-09-11226-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/16f6/8048402/1386444b0c11/peerj-09-11226-g006.jpg

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