Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia.
Biomed Res Int. 2021 Apr 13;2021:8887266. doi: 10.1155/2021/8887266. eCollection 2021.
Typhoid fever (TF) is a febrile global health problem caused by serovar Typhi ( Typhi) with relatively high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. Identifying local prevalence and gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards TF is recommended by the World Health Organization to implement preventive measures. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of . Typhi and KAP of febrile patients towards TF in Injibara General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2020. A total of 237 patients were included conveniently. Data on KAP and demographic variables were collected using a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. After the interview, 5 ml venous blood was collected and processed using the Widal test following the manufacturer's instruction. Mean scores and percentages were used to determine the level of KAP. Multivariable analysis was done to correlate KAPs with TF. value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The overall prevalence of . Typhi was 25.7%. The highest seroprevalence was observed among the age group of 30-34 years (33.3%) and patients with no education. The majority of participants know the major ways of TF transmission (59.1-90.7%) and prevention (81.4%) methods. However, the misconception on the route of TF transmission was observed in 13.5-36.7% of participants. About 65.4% and 67.5% of study participants were considered knowledgeable and had good preventive practice towards TF, respectively. Being a student (AOR = 0.227, CI = 0.053 - 0.965) and considering mosquito bite as transmission routes (AOR = 2.618, CI = 1.097 - 6.248) were significantly associated with TF.
High . Typhi prevalence was observed in the study area. Moreover, the misconception on the transmission of typhoid fever and educational level was a risk factor for TF. Thus, health facilities should incorporate topics on typhoid fever as part of their health education system within health facilities and in the community.
伤寒（TF）是一种由血清型 Typhi（ Typhi）引起的发热性全球健康问题，在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的低收入和中等收入国家中相对较为普遍。世界卫生组织建议确定当地伤寒的流行率以及对伤寒的知识、态度和实践（KAP）的差距，以便实施预防措施。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部因吉巴拉综合医院发热患者中血清型 Typhi 的流行率以及他们对伤寒的 KAP。
本研究为 2020 年 1 月至 3 月在因吉巴拉综合医院进行的一项基于医院的横断面研究。共纳入 237 例患者，采用面对面访谈的方式使用结构化问卷收集 KAP 和人口统计学变量数据。访谈结束后，采集 5ml 静脉血，按照制造商的说明使用魏尔达试验进行处理。采用均数和百分比来确定 KAP 的水平。采用多变量分析来分析 KAP 与 TF 的相关性。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
血清型 Typhi 的总流行率为 25.7%。血清型 Typhi 的最高血清阳性率出现在 30-34 岁年龄组（33.3%）和无教育人群中。大多数参与者知道 TF 的主要传播途径（59.1-90.7%）和预防（81.4%）方法。然而，在 13.5-36.7%的参与者中观察到 TF 传播途径的误解。大约 65.4%和 67.5%的研究参与者分别被认为对 TF 有知识和良好的预防实践。作为学生（AOR = 0.227，CI = 0.053 - 0.965）和将蚊虫叮咬视为传播途径（AOR = 2.618，CI = 1.097 - 6.248）与 TF 显著相关。
在研究区域发现血清型 Typhi 流行率较高。此外，对伤寒传播的误解和教育水平是 TF 的危险因素。因此，卫生机构应将伤寒相关主题纳入其卫生教育系统的一部分，包括在卫生机构内和社区内开展相关教育。
