Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX-75080, USA.
EnLisense LLC, 1813 Audubon Pond Way, Allen, TX 75013, USA.
Analyst. 2021 Jun 7;146(11):3482-3492. doi: 10.1039/d1an00455g. Epub 2021 May 6.
Identification of diseases in sedentary populations on a timely basis before reaching a critical stage is a continuing challenge faced by emergency care centers. Lactate is a key biomarker for monitoring restricted oxygen supply essential for assessing the physiological responses of the user for clinical diagnostics. The novelty of this work is the development of a non-invasive, mediator-free, stick and remove biosensor for the on-demand measurement of lactate in passive sweat targeted towards sedentary populations. The conformable interface of the biosensors with skin can be engineered to extract relevant biochemical signals and quantify the in situ sweat biomarker levels. In this work, we demonstrate a highly sensitive and specific on-demand biosensor with a fabricated hybrid nanotextured Au/ZnO electrode stack embedded within a flexible nanoporous material to capture the temporal dynamics of passive sweat lactate. The biosensor exhibits a lactate specific response in human sweat with a 1 mM lower limit of detection and a wide dynamic detection range of 1-100 mM (R = 0.98). The proposed biosensor has a sensitivity of 8.3% mM while selectivity studies reveal negative interactions with non-specific molecules. The sensor stability studies showed an ∼30% degradation in the lactate biosensing response over a 4-day duration when stored at 4 °C. Non-faradaic electrochemical spectroscopy is employed as the detection modality to quantify the enzymatic catalysis of sweat lactate at the electrode-sweat interface. Spectroscopic characterization techniques such as XPS, ATR-FTIR, and zeta potential measurements confirm the enzymatic assay binding efficacy on a qualitative scale.
及时识别久坐人群的疾病，在达到关键阶段之前，这是急救中心面临的持续挑战。乳酸是监测对用户进行临床诊断至关重要的生理反应的关键生物标志物，用于评估氧气供应受限情况。这项工作的新颖之处在于开发了一种非侵入性、无中介、棒状和可移除的生物传感器，用于按需测量被动汗液中的乳酸，针对久坐人群。生物传感器与皮肤的贴合界面可以进行工程设计，以提取相关的生化信号并定量原位汗液生物标志物水平。在这项工作中，我们展示了一种高度灵敏和特异的按需生物传感器，该传感器具有一个制造的混合纳米结构 Au/ZnO 电极堆叠，嵌入在柔性纳米多孔材料中，以捕捉被动汗液乳酸的时间动态。该生物传感器在人体汗液中表现出特定的乳酸响应，检测下限为 1mM，动态检测范围为 1-100mM（R=0.98）。该传感器的灵敏度为 8.3%mM，而选择性研究表明与非特异性分子存在负相互作用。传感器稳定性研究表明，在 4°C 下储存 4 天时，乳酸生物传感响应下降约 30%。非法拉第电化学光谱学被用作检测模式，以量化电极-汗液界面上的汗液乳酸的酶催化作用。XPS、ATR-FTIR 和 ζ 电位测量等光谱特征技术证实了酶分析在定性尺度上的结合效果。
